考试吧：2013年12月英语四级听力听写原文答案

　　2013年12月英语四六级真题及答案解析专题※ 真题及答案交流

　　听力填空

　　When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate (26)apart and alone, they replied, "Because it is right." If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants (27)instead of skirts or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get (28)similar and very uninformative answers: "Because it's right." "Because that's the way it's done." "Because it's the(29) custom." Or even "I don't know." The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are(30) controlled by social norms – shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation. Norms (31)define how people "ought to" behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform (遵守) to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they (32)exist. In fact we are much more likely to notice (33)departures from norms than conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little (34)startled if they bowed, started to stroke you or kissed you on both (35)cheeks. Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.

　　26. 答案：apart and alone

　　27. 答案：instead of

　　28. 答案：similar

　　29. 答案：custom

　　30. 答案：controlled

　　31. 答案：define

　　32. 答案：exist

　　33. 答案：departures

　　34. 答案：startled

　　35. 答案：cheeks

　　【点评】

　　本篇听力填空内容讲的是各地风俗习惯(custom)的差异。比如塔西提岛的人们喜欢独自吃饭，而美国人吃饭用刀叉，男士穿裤子而不穿裙子，一次只能和一个人结婚等等，当你问他们为什么会这样的时候，他们只会说“因为这是对的。”。这就是所谓的风俗习惯，一种在特定社会文化区域内历代人们共同遵守的行为模式或规范。人们对自己当地的风俗习惯习以为常，往往意识不到它们的存在，只有当发现其他地方与自己地方的风俗习惯不相同时才会意识到原来各地的习惯是不一样的。

　　本篇听力填空是今年四级改革去掉听力的三个句子的首个听力填空，难度降低了很多，挖空的地方都是我们平常熟悉的四级大纲内的词汇和短语，其中departure，startle可能有些同学不认识，departure是动词depart的名词形式，文中意思表示“背离”, startle表示“吃惊”。听力填空主要是对动词，名词和形容词等实意动词的考查，所以大家今后还是需要对考纲内的词汇进行巩固和复习。另外大家还需要注意的是动词要考虑时态和单复数的变化，而名词要注意单复数的变化，切不可因题目简单而忽略了细节，导致不必要的失分。

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