Part Ⅴ Cloze
67.【解析】［A］just在此为副词，意为“刚刚”，做状语。此句意为“一个事件刚刚发生，街上就有报纸报道详情了。说明报纸对新闻的反应之快。”
68.【解析】［A］to give和giving都合乎语法，但giving强调的是正在发生的动作，而此处重点表达的是“反应快”，不是正在做什么。
69.【解析】［A］消息，信息要靠收集。
70.【解析】［D］后面的不定式短语表示目的
71.【解析】［C］提供信息的目的是为了让他人知道，所以选C。
72.【解析】［B］ other意为“其他的”。此句意为：无线电，电报，电视，及其他发明，成为报纸的竞争对手。
73.【解析】［A］根据句中的merely及其后所述内容，应选however，表转折。
74.【解析】［D］使用更新，更快的通信工具，目的是提高速度。
75.【解析】［C］报纸是印出来的，先印后看(读)。
76.【解析】［D］keep sb. 过去分词是一种复合结构，sb.与过去分词为被动关系，意为保持这种关系的继续。此句的意思是：报纸不断地为读者提供新闻信息。
77.【解析】［Ｃ］关于politics之类的严肃话题,只能选educate。
78.【解析】［Ｂ］此句意为：报纸通过广告影响读者在经济生活中的选择。
79.【解析】［Ｂ］大多数报纸依靠广告收入来维持生存，此现象人人皆知。
80.【解析】［Ｃ］报纸的售价之低，不足以抵付成本的一小部分。符合上下文关于广告收入的说法。
81.【解析】［Ａ］收入来源应该用source。因为source指河流，泉水的发源地；常指抽象事物的根源或来源以及资料，信息的出处或来源。origin起源，起因。指事物后来发生,发展变化的最初起点,或指人的出身和血统。
82.【解析】［Ｄ］succeed in为固定短语。此句意为：广告业务的成功，取决于报纸在客户(要打广告的人)心中的价值。
83.【解析】［Ｃ］根据上下文，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态，此句意为：报纸在客户心中的价值，是靠发行量衡量的。
84.【解析】［Ｃ］该句意为：发行量的大小，很大程度上取决于发行部门的工作及报纸所提供的服务功能和娱乐功能。
85.【解析】［Ｂ］offered作services和entertainment的定语。
86.【解析】［Ｄ］information后面接介词about，表示“关于”。
Part Ⅵ Translation
87.【解析】to make trouble
【答案解析】找麻烦用固定词组make trouble即可，make trouble 即制造麻烦，捣乱之意。
88.【解析】needn’t have borrowed it from the bank.
【答案解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法，needn’t have done的结构是本不必这样做而做了的意思。
89.【解析】It is because she is too inexperienced
【答案解析】没有经验可以用一个形容词来翻译，即inexperienced。
90.【解析】will be doing/conducting the experiment
【答案解析】本题考查将来时态的用法，做实验即可用do experiment也可用conduct experiment。
91.【解析】resort to force
【答案解析】本题亦考查固定词组用法，诉诸武力有固定词组resort to force。
Model Test Two
Part I Writing（30 minutes）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Generation Gap. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 代沟的表现。
2. 代沟出现的家庭原因。
3. 代沟出现的社会原因。
Generation Gap
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the question on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Landfills
You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.
Americans generate trash at an astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person; which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almost twice as much trashes per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled (回收利用) or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills.
How Much Trash Is Generated?
Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United States annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled (glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted (做成堆肥) (yard waste). The remaining trash, which is mostly unredeemable, is discarded.
How Is Trash Disposed of?
The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960. This trash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried in landfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries (United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills.
What Is a Landfill?
There are two ways to bury trash:
Dump—an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!)
Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.
Sanitary landfill—land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment
Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill—landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment
The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose (腐烂) much. A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.
Proposing the Landfill
For a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill.
In the United States, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environment impact study must be done on the proposed site to determine:
the area of land necessary for the landfill
the composition of the underlying soil and bedrock
the flow of surface water over the site
the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlife
the historical value of the proposed site
Building the Landfill
Once the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. First, access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist. There roads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation (环卫) services and the general public. After roads have been built, digging can begin. In the North Wake Country Landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface.
What Happens to Trash in a Landfill?
Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug up or sampled, 40 year old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years!
How Is a Landfill Operated?
A landfill, such as the North Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill.
Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled.
As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million, and part of that comes from tipping fees.
Along the site, there are dropoff stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material dropoff station is used for tires, motor oil, and leadacid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.
In addition, there is a household hazardous waste dropoff station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants.
Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station.
Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane.
1. The passage gives a general description of the structure and use of a landfill.
2. Most of the trash that Americans generate ends up in landfills.
3. Compared with other major industrialized countries, America buries a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills.
4. Landfills are like compost piles in that they speed up decomposition of the buried trash.
5. In most countries the selection of a landfill site is governed by rules and regulations.
6. In the United States the building of landfills is the job of both federal and local governments.
7. Hazardous wastes have to be treated before being dumped into landfills.
1.［Y］［N］［NG］ 2.［Y］［N］［NG］ 3.［Y］［N］［NG］ 4.［Y］［N］［NG］
5.［Y］［N］［NG］ 6.［Y］［N］［NG］ 7.［Y］［N］［NG］
8. Customers are typically , although residents may also use the landfill.
9. The tipping fees vary from per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs.
10. Along the site, there are for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill.
提高四六级英语听力的七大法宝
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