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Passage 1
The slightest whiff of baking bread starts taste buds blossoming. Its siren scent has even driven men to acts of madness. Like a country's flag, bread signals nationality at the world's tables. America's corn bread; Ireland's soda bread; England's traditional cottage loaf and bread appears in as many shapes and sizes as there are nationalities. The French have created long, thin loaves with special flavour-lightly salted, slightly sour, finely textured. In all its marvellous variety, bread is such an essential part of life that it has also entered the language¡°bread winner¡±, ¡°break bread¡±,¡°bread(for money)¡±, ¡°know which side his bread is buttered¡±,¡°take the bread out of his mouth¡±are but a few examples.

Bread had its origins in a coarse, flat cake that may have been first baked by Swiss lake dwellers of the Stone Age, who more than 8,000 years ago discovered how to pound grain, mix it with water and bake it on heated stones. Historians trace leavened bread to between 2000 and 3000 BC in Egypt, where wild yeast probably invaded a baker's dough, producing the world's first light bread. The Egyptians subsequently invented the oven and turned breadmaking into an art, creating more than 50 varieties. The Romans further refined bread-making, inventing the domed and thick-walled peel oven. They also developed water-driven mills and the first mechanical dough-mixer, powered by horses and donkeys. Perhaps the most inspired innovation involving bread occurred in London in the eighteenth century, when a dissolute nobleman, John Montagu, asked that meat be served between sheets of bread so that he could eat while remaining at the gaming tables. That crude sandwich changed the eating habits of the world.

Whatever its shape or texture, a golden-crust loaf coming from the oven breathing and swelling goodness stirs perhaps the most ancient of all hungers. Bread has become the very symbol of sustenance, arousing reverence, nostalgia, even passion, like no other food.

1. We can infer from the sentence¡°bread signals nationality at the world's table¡± that .
A. bread can be used as a country's flag
B. bread are made differently
C. there are many ways to make bread
D. people like to eat very much

2. Which of the following can be explained as ¡°know where one may have advantages¡±?
A. Breadwinner.
B. Take the bread out of his mouth.
C. Bread for money
D. Know which side one's bread is buttered.

3. The original form of bread was .
A. a long and thin loaf
B. an animal-shaped cake
C. a common flat cake
D. a twist dough

4. The most inspired innovation concerning bread in the 18th century was .
A. a heated stove
B. the crude sandwich
C. the domed and thick-walled peel oven
D. 50 varieties of bread

5. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Bread is so important in our life that it enters into the language.
B. There are varieties of bread in the world.
C. The sandwich changed the eating habit of the world.
D. Bread was the only food eaten by ancient people.

Passage 2
No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of a whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth.

There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire it's members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in a school, eliminates all envy and competition in the matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good - quality clothing is not to be belittled by a wealthy person who wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons conveniently ignore such critical concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of foods. When this happens, all incentive to improve one's life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had?

Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Sales persons would be superfluous as well; why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry, which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. One entire information and entertainment industry would collapse.

6. The author's primary purpose in writing this passage was to .
A. plead for the abolishment of uniforms
B. show that uniforms are not possible in a democratic society
C. advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms
D. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages

7. Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the same food?
A. To show that freedom of choice is absolute.
B. To show that the government has interfered too much in the lives of individual.
C. To suggest what would happen if uniforms became compulsory.
D. To predict the way the society will be in the next few generations.

8. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author?
A. The person who wears a uniform has no self-worth.
B. Wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger concept.
C. Uniforms will hurt one entire information and entertainment industry.
D. Envy and competition are incentive to improve one's life.

9. The word ¡°superfluous" (Para. 3) most probably means ¡°".
A. indispensable
B. available
C. surplus
D. supplementary

10. The next paragraph in this passage might discuss .
A. the positive effects of wearing uniforms
B. more negative effects of wearing uniforms
C. an alternative to wearing uniforms
D. the legal rights of those not wishing to wear uniforms

Passage 3
Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular creations, and yet most people have never seen one. A vague air of mystery envelops them. They come into being-somewhere-in faraway, frigid waters, amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence, which in most cases no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away just as unnoticed.

Objects of sheerest beauty, they have been called. Appearing in an endless variety of shapes, they may be dazzlingly white, or they may be glassy blue, green or purple, tinted faintly or in darker hues. They are graceful, stately, inspiring in calm, sunlit seas.

But they are also called frightening and dangerous, and that they are¡ªin the night, in the fog, and in storms. Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them. Most of their bulk is hidden below the water, so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top. Also, they may roll over unexpectedly, churning the waters around them.

Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off, drift into the water, float about awhile, and finally melt. Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time. They embody snows that drifted down hundreds, or many thousands, or in some cases maybe a million years ago. The snows fell in polar regions and on cold mountains, where they melted only a little or not at all, and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries.

As each year's snow accumulation lay on the surface, evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to lose their feathery points and become tiny grains of ice. When new snow fell on top of the old, it too turned to icy grains. So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones. With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.

11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The Melting of Icebergs
B. The Nature and Origin of Icebergs
C. The Size and Shape of Icebergs
D. The Dangers of Icebergs

12. The author states that icebergs are rarely seen because they are .
A. surrounded by fog
B. hidden beneath the mountains
C. located in remote regions of the world
D. broken by waves soon after they are formed

13. According to the passage, icebergs are dangerous because they .
A. usually melt quickly
B. can turn over very suddely
C. may create immense snowdrifts
D. can cause unexpected avalanches

14. The formation of an iceberg is most clearly analogous to which of the following activities?
A. Walking on fluffy new snow, causing it to become more compact and icy.
B. Plowing large areas of earth, leaving the land flat and barren.
C. Skating across a frozen lake and leaving a trail behind.
D. Blowing snow into one large pile to clear an area.

15. The attitude of the author toward icebergs is one of .
A. disappointment
B. humor
C. disinterest
D. wonder

Passage 4
One fact that clearly demonstrated by the early sleep researchers: one part of the night is not just like another. As scientists began to compare the records of volunteers during the 1950's, they observed that human sleep follows a rhythmic schedule. They noted that not only was this schedule much the same in healthy persons of the same age with similar habits but, from night to night, each individual had an EEG record almost as consistent as a signature.

Sleep and wakefulness, once considered to be the light and dark of consciousness, no longer seem to differ so sharply. Actually, sleep is not a unitary state, it involves many shades or degrees of detachment from the surrounding world. While sleep may feel like a blanket of darkness punctuated by dreams-a time when the mind is asleep-nothing could be less true. All night long a person drifts down and up through different levels of consciousness, as if on waves. With laboratory methods, researchers have been able to chart the typical stages of the journey into sleep.

The journey starts while the subject is still awake but beginning to relax. His brain waves, which have been low, rapid, and irregular, begin to show a new pattern, the alpha rhythm.

When their EEG shows an alpha rhythm, the subjects are notified, either by a sound or by the appearance of a color on a screen. Because the alpha state tends to be pleasant and relaxed, the ability to sustain it can help tense people ease their passage into sleep. A moment of tension, a loud noise, an attempt to solve a problem, however, and the alpha rhythm may vanish.

As the subject passes through the gates of the unconscious, his alpha waves grow smaller, and his eyes roll very slowly. For a moment, he may wake up during this early part of the descent, alerted by a sudden spasm that causes his body to jerk. It is cauesd by a brief burst of activity in the brain, and is normal in all human sleep. It is gone in a fraction of a second, after which descent continues. The subject has not felt the peculiar transformation, but now he is said to be truly asleep.

16. This passage states that a person is really asleep only .
A. when his EEG begins to show an alpha rhythm
B. after the completion of his alpha rhythm
C. when his EEG reveals no alpha rhythm
D. after experiencing a jerk

17. According to the author, the alpha state has been shown to be .
A. a brief burst of activity in the brain
B. controllable
C. unpleasant for some people
D. unmeasurable

18. According to the passage, was used by sleep researchers.
A. music
B. ladder
C. charts
D. signature

19. According to this passage, sleep is described as .
A. a gradual parting from the real world
B. drowning in an ocean of darkness
C. undisturbed by tension or problems
D. dependent only upon individual age and health

20. The word¡°subjects¡±(para.3,line 1)refers to .
A. measurements
B. instruments
C. dreams
D. volunteers

Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C£© and D£©. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

21. The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased , a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.
A. manipulation
B. reproduction
C. penetration
D. circulation

22. Try to your knowledge of economics withyour knowledge of mathematics.
A. correlate
B. comprehend
C. consolidate
D. correspond

23. Many people Edison's success to his intelligence and hard work.
A. subject
B. owe
C. refer
D. attribute

24. The work in the office was by a constant stream of visitors who came from different branches of our sister company.
A. reversed
B. bewildered
C. perplexed
D. hampered

25. When he finally managed to emerge from the cave after 30 days, John was pale.
A. startlingly
B. uniquely
C. enormously
D. dramatically

26. You should do as the radio's instruct. According to it, this wire should go into that hole.
A. specifications
B. constitutions
C. regulations
D. formulations

27. The gloves are really small, and it is only by them that I manage to get them on.
A. stretching
B. enlarging
C. extending
D. squeezing

28. He had a variety of interests which made him a(n) companion.
A. harmonious
B. impressive
C. gracious
D. agreeable

29. In many foreign countries, policemen are not allowed to search any resident's house without a(n) .
A. pledge
B. guarantee
C. warrant
D. order

30. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning traffic jam.
A. in line with
B. in case of
C. for the sake of
D. at the risk of

31. Owning to the dramatic measures taken by the police, the crime rate in Chicago last year sharply .
A. slipped
B. descended
C. declined
D. lessened

32. Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the tale, though it was fabricated obviously.
A. pessimistic
B. pathetic
C. patriotic
D. melancholy

33. If a person is bold enough to mention his weak points, his listener is expected to say or indicate something in the way of .
A. assurance
B. confirmation
C. evasion
D. encouragement

34. No one needs to feel awkward in his own customs. Anyway, to cherish tradition is not to be ridiculed.
A. pursuing
B. chasing
C. obliging
D. following

35. It is rather we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.
A. perplexing
B. demanding
C. embarrassing
D. bewildering

36. Our newspapers and magazines need to for all tastes rather than restricted to a peculiar aspect.
A. provide
B. accommodate
C. year
D. cater

37. Some pieces of gold coin have together in the blaze.
A. softened
B. melted
C. dissolved
D. fused

38. Linda will probably a good sum of money when her father dies because she doesn't have any brothers.
A. run away with
B. go for
C. get on with
D. come in for

39. This was but an additional proof of the of the socialist economic system over the capitalist economic system.
A. simplicity
B. superiority
C. similarity
D. divergence

40. Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children a violent act previously seen on television.
A. modifying
B. simulating
C. duplicating
D. accelerating

41. The power of the government is limited and its limits are not to be .
A. transcended
B. excelled
C. checked
D. traversed

42. Make sure you the same story when you are questioned a second time.
A. follow up
B. draw on
C. stick to
D. make up

43. The food was divided according to the age and size of the children.
A. equally
B. proportionately
C. sufficiently
D. adequately

44. Color-blind people often find it difficult to between blue and green.
A. separate
B. compare
C. distinguish
D. contrast

45. Some hard plastics can be metals in manufacturing machine parts.
A. substituted for
B. taken the place of
C. replaced in
D.given way to

46. I'd like to this old car for a new model but I just can not afford it.
A. interchange
B. exchange
C. replace
D. convert

47. An electronic sound system represents the of thousands of components.
A. inspiration
B. combination
C. integration
D. integrity

48. One can not getting good pictures on television unless there is a relay station within 160 kilometers.
A. encounter
B. account for
C. count on
D. discount

49. Success in driving requires not only skill and balance but also alertness and concentration.
A. mental
B. manueal
C. nervous
D. masculine

50. We need one hundred more signatures before we take the to the governor.
A. plea
B. petition
C. patent
D. claim

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A.,B., C. and D.. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)

Traditional marriage in Britain is currently in a disturbance. Not only is the divorce rate rising, 51 the rate at which people marry is falling. Living together is more popular than 52 before. The shape of the family is now no longer one man, one woman and their children. Instead, there are 53 numbers of families which include step-parents, half sisters and brothers, or merely one lonely parent coping 54 her own.
Compared with other countries, Britain is still conservative in its marriage patterns. In America, the divorce rate is 55 more shocking. Two out of five marriages 56 divorce. In Sweden living together is now more popular than marriage among couples in their early twenties and a similar 57 seems to be emerging in Denmark.

Although this is happening on a smaller 58 in Britain, it has not yet become such a marked trend. But 59 we do follow the American and Scandinavian patterns, the 60 will see many more couples living together before marriage-and even more divorce.

Interestingly enough, it is women 61 men who get a divorce in the courts. Seven out of ten divorces are 62 to the wife. Divorce, of course, only reflects the 63 winding up of a marriage which may have 64 broken up long before. The partner who asks for divorce may not be the partner who 65 the marriage. Women usually have more to gain from the courts in the way of money, rights 66 the home, and child maintenance. 67 there is also a certain unequal proportion in one of the grounds that the sexes choose for divorce. The grounds 68 unreasonable or cruel behaviour are overwhelming, chosen by ten 69 more women than men. Does this mean that women will 70 less than they used to?

51.
A. and
B. but
C. however
D. yet

52.
A. ever
B. never
C. much
D. none

53.
A. decreasing
B. growing
C. diminishing
D. enlarging

54.
A. with
B. on
C. through
D. by

55.
A. still
B. even
C. rather
D. ever

56.
A. end in
B. break in
C. separate in
D. slip in

57.
A. figure
B. form
C. model
D. pattern

58.
A. range
B. size
C. scale
D. number

59.
A. unless
B. if
C. when
D. while

60.
A. result
B. consequence
C. future
D. family

61.
A. other than
B. rather than
C. apart from
D. except for

62.
A. granted
B. judged
C. sentenced
D. given

63.
A. lawful
B. legal
C. justifiable
D. sociable

64.
A. efficiently
B. factually
C. effectively
D. indefinitely

65.
A. broke up
B. cause up
C. call up
D. burst up

66.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. on

67.
A. While B. Therefore
C. So
D. But

68.
A. on
B. that
C. of
D. which

69.
A. ratios
B. times
C. rates
D. volumes

70.
A. put up with
B. stand up with
C. come up with
D. take up with

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