大学英语六级考试试卷参考解析
Part I Writing (略，附补充作文)
1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Nature or Nurture. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1. 有些人认为遗传因素起决定作用
2. 也有人认为环境影响作用更大
3. 你的观点
Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily determined by the genetic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).
Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life. But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development. It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.
My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situation and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops. If this were not true, we would be able to predict the behavior and character of a person from the moment they were born. In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects.
2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a speech in support of the 2008 Olympic Games in the name of the student union. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 奥运会即将于明年在北京
2. 举行奥运会的重大意义
3. 我们应该为奥运做些什么
Dear Friends, Fellow classmates,
The exciting moment, I am convinced, must remain vivid in our mind, when Beijing, the Capital of China, was proclaimed the final winner to host the Olympic Games in 2008 by Chairman of the International Olympic Committee. Time flies, and the new Olympics is coming very soon!
Olympic Games, held every four years, boast a long history and offer rare opportunities for different nations to get together, which are far more than sports contests participated by professional athletes. Through Olympics, new world records are set, resilient sportsmanship is highlighted, sport-related industries spring up and international goodwill and exchange get greatly enhanced.
As college students, we ought to contribute our share to the imminent Olympic Games with responsibility of citizenship as well as focused knowledge. For instance, it is advisable to give voluntary lectures to popularize Olympic knowledge and environmental awareness in some residential areas. And we are looking forward to your suggestions and participation!
Student Union
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. N (Para 3, “Formed in 1903 by the political campaigner Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst and her
daughters Christabel and Sylvia, the WSPU began an educated campaign to put women’s suffrage on the political agenda. New Zealand, Australia and parts of the United States had already enfranchised women, and growing numbers of their British counterparts wanted the same opportunity.”)
2. N (Para 4, “By 1906 the WSPU headquarters, called the Women’s Press Shop, had been established in Charing Cross Road and in spite of limited communications (no radio or television, and minimal use of the telephone) the message had spread around the country, with members and branch officers stretching to as far away as Scotland”)
3. N (Para 5, “The newspapers produced by the WSPU, first Votes for Women and later The Suffragette, played a vital role in this communication. Both were sold throughout the country and proved an invaluable way of informing members of meetings, marches, fund-raising events and the latest news and views on the movement”)
4. NG
5. its two newspapers
6. goods sold by the movement
7. made films
8. it had a clear purpose and direction
9. 1918 and 1928
10. the success of the suffragette movement’s corporate image
Part III Listening Comprehension(略)
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Passage 1
52. B 细节题
【定 位】 考点在第一段。
【解 析】 有一个智者说，好人不能挺身而出，坏人就会取得胜利，故B项为正确选项。
【点 评】 在文章开头找到这位智者的话以后，加以理解即可。
53. C 细节题
【定 位】 考点在最后一段。
【解 析】 最后一段直接提到“犯罪的人应该为其犯罪行为承担责任”。故只有C项符合题意。
【点 评】 ① A项所说的“社会应为其承担责任”是C项的对立面，也是文章在第八、九段中驳斥的观点。②对本题和第31题而言，只要抓住文章话题（accountability），就可以直接求解。
54. A 细节题
【定 位】 考点在第六、七段。
【解 析】 从第六、七段的比较来看：较之小镇的人们，城市人缺乏自律（discipline）和原则（standard）。故A项为正确选项。
【点 评】 事实上，只要理解inner restraints（这里相当于self-discipline），即可求解；此外作者把小城镇和大城市进行比较时，是从道德观念的角度展开的，由此也可以轻松排除C项和D项。
55. A 综合题
【定 位】 考点在第七、八段。
【解 析】 让作者感到难以置信的是，大城市里的人显得格外“宽容”，总是为犯错误的人找借口，比如生活环境差，学校、教堂没有尽到教导的职责，等等。但在作者看来，应该在犯错的人自己身上找原因。故A项为正确选项。
【点 评】 ①B项单独看符合原文意思，但与题干作者表示sorry（遗憾）的态度矛盾，属于“文不对题”的选项。②C、D项皆与原文意思相矛盾。
56. D 综合题
【定 位】 考查对文章主旨的把握。
【解 析】 这个题目考的是accountability贯穿于文章始终，作者列举正、反两面的例子，批驳了当今的错误观念。身为警察，他提倡人人都应加强自律，为自身行为负责。故D项为正确选项。
【点 评】 纵览全文，可以发现，accountability是一个关键字，抓住它就可以把握这类关于文章主旨的题目的题解。
Passage 2
57. C 综合题
【定 位】 考点在于理解第一段中比喻的寓意。
【解 析】 作者将人比作机器上润滑良好的小齿轮，第一段的后两句围绕这个比喻做出解释。人作为小齿轮，在社会上通过高薪、通风良好的厂房、管弦器乐、心理学家和“人际关系”专家的帮助保持润滑。然而，人类已经变得无能为力，厌烦工作，成了现行社会制度下的经济傀儡。C项认为，尽管运作良好，但人对社会而言微不足道，符合原文。
【点 评】 ①A项与C项的意思恰恰相反。B项中的in complete harmony与人们厌烦工作，不全身心投入工作的事实相悖。D项更是无稽之谈。②考生在判断选项时，必须注意选项中的关键词。A项中的necessary和negligible，B项中的in complete harmony，C项中的unimportant，以及D项中的humble和especially，我们都要重视。有些选项中的关键词将情况描述得过于绝对化，通常该选项可以立即排除。
58. D 细节题
【定 位】 考点在于理解第二段。
【解 析】 从第二段可知，员工之所以感到焦虑，不仅因为可能失业，也因为他们在生活中不曾作为有独立的感情和智力、富有创造力的人去体会生活中的快乐。可见，员工失去其个性和独立性是焦虑的真正原因。D项正确。
【点 评】 A项与B项只是表面原因。C项与原文完全不符。
59. D 综合题
【定 位】 考点在于理解文章主题。
【解 析】 员工为可能失业而担忧，社会上层人士始终处于高度激烈的竞争中，生活在提升与贬职的压力下。人们需要通过竞争以证明自己的价值。竞争引发焦虑和压力，最终导致生活不快乐并诱发疾病。可见，只有远离竞争，才能真正感受到生活的快乐。D项正确。
【点 评】 A项和B项明显与文章第二、三段内容相悖。C项认为，证明自己比同事优秀的人能感受到生活的快乐。然而，一时半刻的胜利掩盖不了竞争永远存在的事实。一个人无法通过一两次竞争证明自己一定比周围所有同事优秀。既然他无法逃脱竞争的恶性循环，又岂能感受生活的快乐？
60. C 细节题
【定 位】 考点在于理解最后一段。
【解 析】 在最后一段中，作者提出应当将官僚管理的工业制度改造成人道主义的工业制度，让生产和消费由对人类控制的角色，转变成充分发展人及其自身能力的手段。因此，C项正确。
【点 评】 作者在最后一段开头就否定了退回到工业化以前的生产方式。A项不正确。B项和D项的观点在原文中也未提到。
61. B 综合题
【定 位】 考点在于理解全文主题。
【解 析】 从文章主题可知，作者对现存工业制度非常不满。B项正确。
【点 评】 ①作者在这篇文章中表态明确，因此，赞成、怀疑和容忍都不是正确选项。
②解答关于作者态度的题目，要从全文的结构入手，关注作者在阐述其观点时，其用词带有何种褒贬意味。本文第一段中economic puppets已明显表达出作者的不满情绪。
Part V Error Correction (略)
Part VI Translation (略)
