Section C Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are requiredto fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。
Scientists have (36)__________ three main causes of anorexia. Experts (37)__________ the rise in cases of anorexia to the pressure in our society to be thin. The media constantly (38)__________ us with images of thin people as ideals. Fat-free products and diet aids have become (39)__________ industries. (40)_____________________________________________________________.
The second major factor in causing anorexia is the (41)__________ of the victim. Many of them are overachievers or (42)__________. They excel in school and a variety of (43)__________ activities. Anorexics see being thin as a way to please others. (44)_______________________________________ ____________________________________.
Thirdly, when anorexics don’t eat, they experience a rise in their level of (45)_________, natural brain chemicals that produce a sense of happiness. When anorexicsdo eat, their bodies produce higher than normal levels of a certain brain chemical that causes a sense of anxiety. (46) ____________________ ______________________________________________________________.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions：In this section， there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own their kids seem different, less resourceful, somehow. When there’s nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with anything to do besides turning on the TV.
One father, for example, says, “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and games. We certainly never complained in an annoying way to our parents, ‘I have nothing to do!’” He compares this with his own children today:”They’re simply lazy. If someone doesn’t entertain them, they’ll happily sit there watching TV all day.”
There is one word for this father’s disappointment: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores (哀叹) his children’s lack of inventiveness, as if the ability to play were something innate (天生的) that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to play—to imagine, to invent, to elaborate on reality in a playful way—and the ability to gain fulfillment from it, these are skills that have to be learned and developed.
Such disappointment, however, is not only unjust, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents’ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of admiration and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources, to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。
47. According to the passage, without TV, their children would like their parents to be ______________.
48. Many parents think that, instead of watching TV, their children should ______________.
49. The reason why it is unfair that the father often blames his children for not being able to entertain themselves is that the children should ______________.
50. When parents show constant disappointment in their children, the destructive effect is that the children will lose ______________.
51. Developing children’s self-confidence helps bring them up to have a strong feeling of ______________.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 based on the following passage.
The banking revolution in America is as much about attitudes and assumptions as about size and structure. For century, Americans have distrusted banks. In the 1830s, Andrew Jackson denounced and destroyed the Second Bank of the United States, which existed “to make the rich richer” at the expense of “farmers, mechanics and labours.” In the 1930s, banks were blamed for helping cause the Depression. The wonder, then, is that the latest wave of bank mergers—the largest ever—has inspired little more than a bewilderedand, perhaps, irritated shrug from the public.
As banks grow bigger, they seem less fearsome. Why? The answer is that banks have shrunk in power even as they have expanded in size. Traditionally, banking has been a simple business. Deposits come through one door, loans go out through another. Profits derive from the “spread” between interest rates on deposits and loans. If savers and borrowers cannot go elsewhere, banks are powerful. And if there are other choices, banks are less powerful. And so it is.
We inhabit an age of superabundant credit and its purveyors. A century ago, matters were different. Small depositors could choose from only one or several local banks; getting a loan meant winning the good graces of the neighborhood banker. Even big corporations depended on a few big banks or investment houses.
John Reed or Hugh McColl—the heads of Citicorp and Nations Bank—are not household names. In 1900, J. P. Morgan was. As head of J. P. Morgan & Co., he controlled—through stock and position on corporateboards—a third of U.S. railroads and 70 percent of the steel industry. A railroad executive once cheerfully confessed his dependence on Morgan’s capital: “If Mr. Morgan were to order me tomorrow to Siberia…I would go.”
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