4.-ing型与-ed型改错题。
此类题一般是动词后面少了ing或ed,这种题经常出现,值得注意。
ing型改错题分两种情况:(1)介词后面或某些动词后面跟着的动词需要使用该动词的-ing形式(2)用一个逗号将一个动词与其逻辑主语分开,该动词需要用-ing分词形式,举例如下：
(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal government from demand library records….(07年1月新六级改错第三题)这里的demand应该改成demanding, bar/stop/prevent sth from doing为固定搭配,介词from后面的动词必须使用其-ing形式。
(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school without mastering the printed page.(06年6月六级改错第1题)介词后面跟的动词通常都要加-ing形式,所以这里的master应该改成mastering.
(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile.(06年1月六级改错第4题)avoid后面跟动词要加-ing, 所以end改成ending.
(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12 months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月六级改错第8题)一个逗号将depend on和其逻辑主语this modern treatment分开,因此depend要用其现在分词形式depending.
(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六级改错第一题)和上一题一样,这里的include同样得用分词形式including.
-ed型改错:
(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking in a professional setting…(06年1月六级改错第九题)这里的one指代前文的photo,我们都知道照相用take a photo,
所以这里的one和take应该表示被动关系,所以应该用take的过去分词taken做后置定语。
(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六级改错第10题)表示“被发现”显然要用过去分词found out.
注意:-ed型改错从本质上说就是要能发现动词与其逻辑主语的关系,动词是施动者,而其逻辑主语接收动词发出的动作.这和被动语态实际上是一个道理,下面举几个被动语态的题:
(1) The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六级改错第2题)这个报告被发表,所以在report和released之间要加上was.
(2) Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六级改错第6题)
受到影响显然要用被动语态,所以affecting要改成过去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改错命题专家比较偏爱的一个词,在05年1月的改错中考查了effect与affect的区别,大家对这个词要好好掌握。
(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by leprosy.(05年1月六级第10题)这里的the countries作为逻辑主语,与后面的动词threaten成被动关系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我们这里应该在threatened的前面加上系动词are.
5.单复数错误与主谓不一致错误。
这个考点在六级改错中出现的也很频繁,同学们对这种错误也比较熟悉,做题时一定得仔细观察句子的主语：
(1)Most education system neglect exploration, understanding and reflection.(07年1月老六级第五题)句子的主语是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我们这里主语应该是个复数,所以将system改成systems.
(2)There is therefore a need for resources and methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-
standing of science in an enjoyable way.(07年1月老六级第九题)这里facilitates前面跟的主语是resources and methods of teaching,主语是复数,所以根据主谓一致原则,要把facilitates改成facilitate。
(3)New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of frustration and failure.(06年6月六级改错第8题)表示“多年的沮丧与失败”是一个复数的概念,因此要把year改成years.
(4)physical object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.(04年6月六级改错第三题)这里的主语是physical object，也就是后面的那么些东西,因为不止一样东西,所以object得用复数形式objects.
(5)There is no guarantee that plant breeders can continue to develop new, higher-yielding crop…(04年1月六级改错第10题)在形容词前没有不定冠词,所以可以认为这里的crop表示一个复数概念,因此用crops.
6.指代错误与冠词错误。
同单复数一样,解指代错误题也要关注指代的对象到底是单数还是复数:
(1)During the 1980s’ culture wars, school systems across the country pulled some books from library shelves because its content was deemed by parents and teachers to be inappropriate.(07年1月新六级改错第9题)这里its指代前面的some books，所以物主代词应该是 their而不是its.
(2)As a result, children memorize processes such as mathematical formulas or the periodic table, only to forget it shortly afterwards.(07年1月六级改错第7题) 容易发现it指代前面的processes，因为是复数,所以该用复数的宾格them.
(3) At same time(06年6月六级改错第七题)地球人都知道的at the same time是固定短语。
(4) in first paragraph(06年1月六级改错第一题)序数词前面要加the，这是初中的知识。
(5) a number of leprosy cases around the world has been cut by ninety percent during the past ten years.
(05年1月六级改错第一题)表示数量多少应该用the number of
(6)The fast-growing population’s demand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their supply…(04年1月六级改错第二题)这里的their指代population，而人口是一个单数的概念,所以物主代词要用its.
2007年12月英语新四级综合题高分备考策略
更多信息请访问：考试吧四六级栏目
