英语四六级强调句型用法讲与练

       1. 强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词、表语、补语、让步状语、条件状语等。

       例如 It was in the park that I mat my old teacher yesterday. (强调地点状语) 
       It is Mr. Smith that thinks Tom is a clever boy. （强调主语）

       2． 强调句型中，连接词一般用that，如被强调的部分是人，也可用who/whom，其他一律用that，不能用which, where, when等，即使被强调的是物、时间状语或地点状语。

       例如 It was at the gate that we met the inspectors this morning. 
       It is our head-teacher that/ who/whom we often turn to for help.

       3． 强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数is/was形式，如果原句的谓语动词是一般过去时，就用was; 是一般现在时，就用is。也可以用"情态动词＋be"形式。

       例如 It was the farmers that lived a hard life before liberation. 
       It might be yesterday that John bought a book for Mary.

       ４. 强调句型也有疑问句形式，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句的强调形式，只需将is/ was 提前，移至句首即可，即：Is/ Was it … that …。特殊疑问句的强调形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即：疑问词（被强调部分）＋is/was + it + that + 句子其余部分。

       例如 Was it last year that the building was completed？ 
       Where was it that you met your English teacher？ 
       It was the day before yesterday that you lost the money, wasn't it？

       ５. not … until…结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句，也可以用在强调句型中，但主要是其否定形式，如用在强调句型中，必须将not前移，写成It is/was not until … that … 。

       例如 It was not until the class began that he came in. 
       It was not until last Friday that he finished reading the book.

       ６. 当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。如果被强调的主语是人称代词，宜用主格，间或也可用宾格。

       例如 It is I who am going to attend the meeting. 
       It was I/me who cleaned the classroom.

       7. 强调句型最容易与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句一起考查，应是学习和复习的重点。一般说来，如果把句子中的It is/ was … that去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。

       例如 It was a small house that I used to live in. (定语从句) 
       It was at the school gate that I met an old friend of mine.（强调句型）