30) 经受：For the first time, we have to experience defeat. / The society has undergone some major changes in the last two decades.
31) 反驳：The arguer may be right about …, but he seems to neglect (fail) to mention (take into account) the fact that …. / As opposed to (Contrary to) widely (commonly / generally) held (accepted) belief (ideas / views), I believe (argue) that …/ There is an element of truth in this argument (statement), but it ignores a deeper and more basic (important / essential) fact (reason) that…./ Logical (Valid / Sound) as this argument seems and I wholeheartedly agree with it, it appears insignificant (absurd) when … is taken into consideration (account). / On the surface (At first thought), it (this) may seem a sound (an attractive) suggestion (solution / idea), but by careful weighing on the mind (on closer analysis / on second thought), we find that …
32) 比较，对比：The advantages of B outweigh any benefit we gained from (carry more weight than those of / are much greater than) A.
33)给出结论：From what has been discussed above (Taking into account all these factors / Judging from all evidence offered), we may safely draw (reach / come to / arrive at) the conclusion that …/ There is no easy (immediate / effective) solution (approach / answer / remedy) to the problem of…, but … might be useful (helpful / beneficial). / Unless there is a common realization of (general commitment to)…, it is very likely (the chances are good) that … / It is hoped (suggested / recommended) that great (continuous / persistent / sustained / corporate) efforts should be made to control (check/ halt / promote) the growth (increase / rise) of … / To reverse (check / control) the trend (tendency) is not a light task (no easy job), and it requires (demands / involves / entails) a different state of mind towards (attitude towards / outlook on) …
二.替换法
a) 越来越多的 more and more → a growing/an increasing number of
b) 也许 perhaps → it is perhaps the case that
c) 谁逐渐意识到 gradually know → sb. has recently come to realize sth.
d) 帮助 help → assist sb. with sth. aid
assist sb. to do sth.
assist sb. in doing sth.
e) 谁谢谢谁的帮助 sb. thank sb. for the help → sb. acknowledge with thanks the help of sb.
f) 相同的 same → identical
g) 支持 support → side with, back, hold up
h) 尽力去做什么 try to do sth. → try every means to do sth.
strive to do sth.
endeavor to do sth.
make every endeavor to do sth.
i) 最新的、一连串的 newest → updated stream of news
j) 使从事于，使忙于 be busy in doing/with sth. → engage in
k) 拒绝 refuse → reject, repel
l) 给谁权利 be given the right → sb. be entitled to sth.
m) 不应该做什么，应该做什么 should not do sth., should do sth.
→ instead of doing, we should
n) 遵守规则 obey the rules → observe the regulations
o) 建议 suggest, advise → propose that sb. (should) do sth.
p) 谈到、涉及到 talk about sth. → touch sth. ;when it comes to
q) 准时的 on time → punctual
r) 非常地 very → extremely, remarkably, quite
s) 重要的(时期)at an important period → at a critical period
→ crucial → indispensable
t) 把…放在第一位 put sth. first → give priority to sth.
u) 获得一个好工作 get a good job
v) 对…满意的 be satisfied with
w) 悲伤 sadness
x) 使忙碌 be busy with
y) 勤奋的 hardworking
z) 透彻的研究 deep study
aa) 前景、未来 future
bb) 数据的增加 increase
cc) 不能做什么 cannot do sth.
dd) 不同的原因 different reasons
ee) 喜欢做某事 like doing sth.
ff) 举例来说 for example
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