名师指导：英语四级段落首句作文的写作要领

　　①I enjoy reading very much. ②Quite often I am so absorbed in a good book that for the time being I forget my surrounding and even myself. ③I think reading can offer me certain pleasures that real life cannot do.④In the first place, reading can disperse loneliness. ⑤In the pages of books I can talk and walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. ⑥The people I meet in books are always ready to give me friendship, sympathy, and encouragement, whereas my friends in reality cannot give me these when they leave me.⑦Furthermore, reading can add fullness to my life. ⑧By reading I can travel around the whole world, and lead varied lives. ⑨Through books the beauties of nature, the enjoyment of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to my wonder and appreciation. ⑩It can be said those who cannot enjoy reading are poor men; those who enjoy reading most can obtain the greatest pleasure from it. ①主题句 ②举例说明“我”很喜欢读书 ③结尾句/过渡句 ④主题句/乐趣一 ⑤⑥具体解释读书为什么能和怎样消除寂寞 ⑦主题句/乐趣二 ⑧⑨解释读书为什么能和怎样丰富生活 ⑩总结全文

　　再如，在以Chinese Women 为题的这篇段首句作文中，第一段的核心词是“liberated in many aspects”。因此，第一段应着重阐述中国妇女在哪些方面已获得了解放。第二段段首句的过渡词“However”，表示意思转折，与第一段内容形成对立关系，要求写妇女没有获得解放的方面。展开主题时，应注重事例要典型、突出。第三段给出的句子位于段尾，可视为结论句。其中“more”一词表示妇女现在的状况良好，将来会更好。该段的续写要简明扼要地指明妇女目前良好的总体状况，以便和最后一句自然衔接。请看范文：

　　Chinese Women

　　⑴Women in China have been liberated in many aspects. ⑵They enjoy the right to vote; they go to universities; they compete with men in any professional field on equal terms. ⑶They have shown that they are capable of being good leaders and of doing many important things. ⑷Practically, they are “holding up half the sky”.⑸However, there still exist some problems. ⑹Some people think women cannot hold many important posts as men do. ⑺For example, the female college students are often refused to enter into some professions where the male students have the priority. ⑻Besides, women are still treated as the inferior sex in some rural areas. ⑼Their only position is considered to raise children and do household chores.⑽Generally, with the rapid development of our economy, women have made enormous strides in their social status; they get equal position as men do. ⑾In the future, we can expect a more promising prospect for Chinese women. ⑴主题句⑵⑶举例说明妇女在哪些方面获得解放⑷结尾句/小结⑸主题句/指出还存在问题⑹问题一⑺举例证明问题一⑻问题二⑼具体论证问题二⑽总结妇女目前良好的总体状况⑾展望中国妇女未来的状况

　　最后，再看Project Hope这篇段首句作文题。根据所给材料和题目，这篇文章的主题思想是，“希望工程”对我国的建设具有重大的意义。第一段的段首句是“希望工程”的定义。要拓宽这个定义，续写内容应放在“希望工程”的作用、目的、意义上。第二段主题句的核心词是“important”。扩展句应从国家建设、教育的角度来论述“希望工程”的重大意义。第三段的段首给出“In my opinion”这一介词短语，提醒我们这一段应阐述自己对“希望工程”的看法。但要注意紧扣主题思想，避免离题。请看下面的范文：

　　Project Hope

　　①Project Hope is an urgent measure that our government has taken to help poor children in China who cannot afford to go to school. ②The project aims at providing underprivileged children with tuition fees, setting up new primary schools, and supplying poorly equipped elementary schools with better teaching facilities.③This project is of great importance to our country. ④In the first place, it brings great hope to thousands of children who can now sit again in their classrooms and acquire knowledge, which will be very useful to their future. ⑤Secondly, as most children have access to education, it will lead to the enhancement of the intelligence level in our country. ⑥Thus the project will benefit the modernization of our country a lot.⑦In my opinion, the project has a far-reaching influence on the construction of our country. ⑧How well a country is developed is largely depends on how well its people are educated. ⑨Therefore, more work should be done to persuade our people throughout the country to make greater contributions to the “Project Hope”. ①“希望工程”的定义 ②“希望工程”的目的 ③主题句/重要性④理由一 ⑤理由二⑥小结/重申“希望工程”的重要性 ⑦我的意见/看法⑧证明我的看法⑨呼吁人们采取行动支持“希望工程”

　　小结：在这一讲里，我主要谈到了段首句作文的形式和写作要领。

　　下面我们进行写作练习。我将给大家一个作文题，请大家根据这一讲的内容，在30分钟内完成。大家在写作的过程中要注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头的结尾的方法等。