第１课
四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型：
I 押韵题型（押头韵、押尾韵）；
答案总在相似中，如果有三个一样，基本上就在其中了。
54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.
A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently
continue v. 继续，连续； continually adv. 时断时续地； continuously adv. 连续不断地。
说不停的咳嗽时，continually是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。
consequently adv. 因此，所以；(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)
constantly adv. 始终如一地，连续发生地；constant temperature 恒温
consistently adv. 一贯地，一致地； consistent adj. consistent policy 一贯的政策。
36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.
A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverse
rewrite v. 重写，改写； revise vt. 修改，修正； reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；
reverse vt. 颠倒，使反转，使反向。(vers是词根，表示转动；re是前缀，表示向相反方向)
42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.
A preferable B considerable C possible D available
performance n. 表演，演出，演奏； perform vt. possible adj. 可能的
动词后加able构成形容词通常表示“可…的” read -> readable accept -> acceptable
consider vt. 考虑； considerable adj. (数量或尺寸)相当大(或多)的。
preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的；
available* adj. 可获得的，可利用的，可支配的。(重点词)
33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.
A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available
living expenses 生活费； acceptable adj. 可接受的；
apply vt. 申请，应用； applicable adj. 可应用的，适当的，合适的；
advise vt. 建议； advice n. 建议； advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。
54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.
A consistent B continuous C considerate D continual
achieve unity through peaceful means 通过和平手段取得统一； consistent policy 一贯政策
II 构词法题型(词的转化，合成，派生)；
构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。(见下面2个例题)
31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.
A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours’ D three-hour’s
267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.
A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-word
C two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words
以ly结尾的不全是副词； friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.
考试中常见的否定前缀： un-、dis-、in-、im-
56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.
A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Liking
like vt. 喜欢； dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶； unlike prep. 不像…；
alike adj. & adv. 同样的(地)，相象的(地)； liking n. 爱好，嗜好；
take a liking for喜欢…，对…产生好感。
III 近义词含义比较；
44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.
A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal
unreal adj. 不真实的(不是真实世界所拥有的，虚幻的)； Ends justify means 不择手段；
false adj. 具有欺骗性的，假的，伪造的； false coin/passport/hair，a false tooth/false teeth
unnatural adj. 不自然的，经常用来修饰人的行为举止，表示做作的，矫揉造作的。
artificial adj. 人造人为的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮
54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.
A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability
laziness n. 懒惰； poverty n. 贫穷； poor adj. 贫穷的；
idleness n. 无事可做(中性，有时也有贬义含义)； inability n. 没有能力，没有办法。
69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.
A nuisance B trouble C worry D anxiety
invade 进攻，侵略； nuisance n. (具体的)令人讨厌的东西； trouble n. 烦恼，麻烦，问题；
worry n. 担心，发愁； anxiety n. 焦虑。 What a nuisance. 真是烦。
IV 搭配关系问题；
extent n. 程度； to... extent 到达…程度，在…程度之上； extent 只能和to搭配。
object vi. 反对； object + to + 动名词（动词的ing形式）。
objection n. 反对； objection + to + 动名词（动词的ing形式）。
V 形相近，意相远；
65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.
A late B last C latter D later
late adj. 晚的，晚于通常时间的； late spring 晚春、暮春； last adj. 最后的，最终的；
later adj. 更晚的（late的比较级）、时间概念后一半的；只适用于表示某个世纪的后半期；
The later twentieth century. 二十世纪的后一半。
latter adj. （两者中）后者的； former adj. （两者中）前者的；
59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.
A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrels
battery n. 电池； bargain n. 特价商品； It’s really a bargain. 你真会买东西，不是说真便宜。
basket n. 篮子； barrel n. 桶； wonderful bargain 物美价廉的商品；bargain v. 讨价还价；
53. Remember that customers don’t _D_ about prices in that city.
A debate B consult C dispute D bargain
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41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.
A after B with C by D from
cause 事业； be named after 以…的名字命名；
42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.
A preferable B considerable C possible D available
preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的；
358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.
A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to
具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。 super- 表示在…上方，超过…
inferior adj. 低于…的，劣于…的； superior adj. 高于…的，优于…的； prior adj. 在…之前的
Revolutionary War 特指美国独立战争；second adj. 第二的（含有比较意味，也与to搭配）
He is second to none. 首屈一指，无与伦比；
30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.
A of B to C with D from
43. It wasn't such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.
A that B which C as D what
such … that … 如此… 以至于… ； sb + be + ___ + sth 空格处应为能加双宾语的动词；
加双宾语的动词的用法：动词 + sb + sth（主动形式）； sb + be + pp + sth（被动形式）；
59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. [the right to vote 选举权]
A ignored B neglected C refused D denied
deny v. 否认，拒绝；deny sb sth 拒绝给予某人某物；
44. They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.
A unless B until C before D although
45. _B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.
A Each B Any C Either D One
common sense 常识； each 这个词在英语中强调的是个体与众不同的特点；
any 这个词强调的是很多东西在一起的共性； either 两者之间任何一个；
31. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _C_ chemist’s.
A each B some C any D certain
46. All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed
当all作定语从句的先行词时，从句只能用that来引导； all that = what
47. _A_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A When compared B Compare C While comparing D Comparing
本题的关键是弄清compare与mountain的关系； when 可以直接加过去分词；
before(after) + being + 过去分词；
44. After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D having interviewed
They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.
48. _C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist. [专家]
A That was from Stephen B It was Stephen whom
C It was from Stephen that D It was Stephen that
本题重点是强调句式； 当被强调部分指人且在句子中作宾语时，其余部分可用whom引导；
49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.
A suit B set C one D pair
50. Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.
A opportunities B necessities C realities D probabilities
51. He must have had an accident, or he _A_ then.
A would have been here B had to be here C should be here D would be here
must have + 过去分词 表示对过去行为的肯定推测；
与过去事态相反用：情态动词 + have + 过去分词 来体现虚拟语气；
must 一定，必须； needn't, don't have to 不必；
53. You _A_ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
A needn’t have done B must not have done
C shouldn’t have done D can not have done
should have + 过去分词 本应该，本应当； shouldn't have done本不应该，本不应当；
44. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.
A mustn’t have done B wouldn’t have done
C mightn’t have done D didn’t have to do
52. It was essential that the applications forms _C_ back before the deadline.
A must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sent
It be essential that 后面一定用虚拟语气，且句子谓语动词固定为(should) + 动词原型；
It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.
53. We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A just have had B have just had C just had D had just had
when 还可以表示①刚..就… （有动作先后关系）、②恰在此时；
44. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.
A as B while C after D when
45. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.
A unless B until C when D while
64. It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.
A must be sent B will be sent C are sent D be sent
