新东方英语四级30天学习笔记-赵丽词汇语法(二)

　　[P64-24]This is a subject about _____ we might argue for a long while.

　　A) that B) it C) which D) what

　　注：作为介词宾语用which不能用that，但in that 除外

　　介词 + which + to do 其功能相当于定语从句。

　　The key with which to open the door has been lost.

　　[P59-36]

　　The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A) to be based on B) to base on C) which to base on D) on which to base

　　注： fici- 做 sufficient 足够的 deficient 缺乏的 efficient 有效的(效率)

　　effect 有效(结果) proficient 熟练的 bene- 好 beneficial 有益benediction 祝福

　　[P12-50]You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _________ to suspend your tent.

　　A) there B) them C) where D) which

　　[P13-59]

　　When a fire ________ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.

　　A) broke off B) broke down C) broke out D) broke up

　　注：1. break off 断裂(部分从整体上下来) 2. break up 打碎 3. break out 爆发

　　主谓一致

　　从句/ 不定式/ 动名词做主语，谓语是单数。

　　Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

　　You got 100 is a mystery to me.

　　从句在句子中做什么功能即为什么从句。

　　1、主语从句：

　　(1)主语从句做主语，谓语动词单数。

　　(2)主语从句的引导词：how, why, whether, that,what(引导的缺主语或缺宾语的从句)[P7-69]How close parents are to their children _________ a strong influence on the character of the children. A) have B) has C) having D) to have

　　[P13-55]

　　In some countries, _________ is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.A) which B) one C) that D) what

　　2、定语从句主谓一致：取决于其先行词(定语从句所修饰的名词)

　　3、随前一致：以前面的名词为准。

　　A with B 取决于A as well as including with together with accompanied by

　　4、随后一致：not A but B/ not only A but also B+ v. 与B一致

　　5、就近原则：以靠近的名词为准。

　　n1 or n2 +v. either n1 or n2 +v.

　　6、A and B 结构：

　　(1)A and B 指同一个东西，是单数。

　　a lawyer and teacher law and order 法律法规

　　war and peace 战争与和平 bread and butter 基本生活必须品

　　butterfly 蝴蝶 To love and to be loved 爱与被爱