2010年12月大学英语四级考试常用语法精选(15)

　　分词: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and recreation rooms.

　　Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.

　　Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.

　　Standing beside the table was an interpreter.

　　6) 句首状语若由 only + 副词, only + 介词词组, only + 状语从句构成, 引起局部倒装:

　　Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.

　　Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.

　　Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.

　　有not only开头的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒装:

　　Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

　　Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn’t done a very good repair job either.

　　Ⅷ 比较级和最高级

　　无比较级和最高级的形容词及副词: complete, perfect, utter, etc

　　比较从句

　　as…as, almost/just/nearly as…as, not so/as …as:

　　We’ll give you as much help as we can.

　　I haven’t made as much progress as I should.

　　We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did ten years ago.

　　My command of English is not half so (as) good as yours.

　　than, so much/a lot more than, no more… than, not more…than, less than

　　more…than, less…than可表示“与其说…不如说…”:

　　He is more good than bad.

　　He was less hurt than frightened.

　　The present crisis in capitalist countries is much more a political than an economic crisis.

　　“no + 形容词或副词比较级 + than”所表示的可以是该形容词或副词的相反的含义:

　　no rich than = as poor as

　　no bigger than = as small as

　　no later than = as early as

　　John is no better than Tom.

　　I have taken no more than six courses this semester.

　　the more… the more (越是…就越…)

　　Actually, the busier he is, the happier he feels.

　　The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.

　　more of a, as much of a, less of a, etc: 当as much of a…as, more/less of a …than等结构与单数可数名词搭配时, 名词只能置于比较结构中间.

　　He is more of a sportsman than his brother.

　　Ⅸ 名词性从句: 名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句.

　　主语从句有三类:

　　由what等代词引导的主语从句: what表示“…所…的(东西)”, 在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句; whatever表示“所…的一切”; whoever表示“一切…的人”.

　　What you need is more practice

　　What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.

　　Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

　　Whatever I have is at your service.

　　Whoever comes will be welcome.

　　Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.