四合院

　　四合院(the quadrangle )是中国的一种传统合院式住宅。一个标准的四合院通常由一个庭院及其四周独立的房屋构成。

　　不同方位的房屋有着不同的名称。坐北对着庭院入口处的称为正房(main house)，东西两边的称为厢房(side house)，坐南朝北的称为倒座房(reversely-set house)。

　　长辈或一家之主住正房，晚辈住厢房。倒座房可以用作厨房、储物间、客厅或书房。四合院如今已经成为观光景点，并为世界各地的游客所熟知。

　　【参考译文】：

　　The quadrangle is a traditional courtyard residence in China. A standard quadrangle usually consists of a courtyard with independent houses along its four sides.

　　Houses in different directions have their own names. The house on the north facing the courtyard’s entrance is called the main house; the house which lies on the east or west is called the side house; and the one that stands on the south is called the reversely-set house.

　　The older generation or the head of the household lives in the main house, while the younger generation lives in the side houses. The reversely-set house can be used as a kitchen, a storeroom, a sitting-room or a study. The quadrangle has now become a tourist attraction and is well-known to tourists from all over the world.

　　【难点点拨】：

　　1. 合院式住宅:译为courtyard residence即可，其中residence意为“住宅， 民居”。

　　2.坐北对着…东西两边…坐南朝北: 这个句子含有三个并列分句，且结构基本一致，所以可以用三个相同结构的连续的分句来表达。为了避免表达单调，三个分句可选择不同的谓语动词，使译文既有一致性又富有变化。

　　3.观光景点:可译为a tourist attraction 或a sightseeing spot。

　　4.世界各地的:英语中可把定语前置或者后置，所以此修饰语可译成all over the world或worldwide.

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