瓷器(1):
唐朝时期,人们就在昌南建造窑坊(kiln),烧制出一种青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。
青白瓷色彩晶莹,有“人造玉器”的美称,因而远近闻名,并大量出口欧洲。
当时,欧洲人还不会制造瓷器,因此中国特别是昌南镇的瓷器很受欢迎。
在欧洲,昌南镇瓷器是备受珍爱的贵重物品,人们以能获得一件昌南镇瓷器为荣。
因此,欧洲人就以“昌南”作为瓷器和生产瓷器的“中国”的代称。
久而久之,欧洲人就把昌南的本意忘却了,只记得它是“瓷器”,即“中国”了。
参考翻译
In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish-white porcelain in Changnan.
The bluish-white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amounts.
At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain, so porcelain from China, especially from Changnan, was warmly welcomed.
In Europe, porcelain from Changnan was a luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud.
In this way, Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production, China.
Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan,only remembering it is “china”,namely “China”.
难点讲解
(1)烧制出一种青白瓷:可译为make bluish white porcelain,烧制可译为 make,“青白色的”可译为bluish white。
(2)色彩晶萤:可译为glittering,意为“闪闪发光的”。
(3)远近闻名:可译为befamous home and abroad。
(4)以…为荣:即beproud of,文中译为…make people feel proud。
(5)久而久之:理解为“逐渐地”,可用gradually来表达。
(6)只记得它是瓷器:根据前后句,本句可译为only remembering it is “china”, 用现在分词作状语来表达。
瓷器(2):
瓷器(porcelain)是一种由精选的瓷土(porcelain clay)或瓷石(pottery stone)、通过工艺流程制成的物件。
尽管瓷器由陶器(pottery)发展而来,然而它们在原料、釉(glaze)、烧制温度方面都是不同的。
比起陶器,瓷器质地更坚硬,器身更通透,光泽也更好。
瓷器在英语里叫做china,因为第一件瓷器就是在中国制造的。
瓷器促进了中国和外部世界之间的经济文化交流,并深刻地影响着其他国家的传统文化和生活方式。
参考翻译
Porcelain is a material made from well-chosen porcelain clay or pottery stone through technological processes.
Although porcelain is developed from pottery, the two are different in raw material, glaze and firing temperature.
Compared with pottery, porcelain has a tougher texture, a more transparent body, and finer luster.
It is called china in English because it was first made in China.
Porcelain promotes economic and cultural exchanges between China and the outside world, and also profoundly influences the traditional culture and lifestyle of other countries.
难点讲解
(1)瓷器是一种由精选的瓷土或瓷石,通过工艺流程制成的物件。
解析:“精选的”可译为well-chosen,这种well+形容词的构词法还有:well-formed(身材苗条的;结构良好的)、well-trained (训练有素的)、well-built(体型匀称的);
“工艺流程”可译为technological processes; “制成”可译为be made from, from表示不可以看出原材料。同义词组be made of, of表示看得出原材料。
(2)尽管瓷器由陶器发展而来,然而它们在原料、釉、烧制温度方面都是不同的。比起陶器,瓷器质地更坚硬,器身更通透,光泽也更好。
解析:“由...发展而来”可用develop from表示;“原料”可用raw material表示;
raw意为“生的;未加工的”,还可构成词组:raw water(生水)、raw coal(原煤)、raw data(原始数据);
“质地更坚硬”即“更坚硬的质地”,可译为tougher texture; “器身更透明”即“更透明的器身”,可译为transparent body。
(3)瓷器促进了中国和外部世界之间的经济文化交流,并深刻影响着其他国家的传统文化和生活方式。
解析:该句有两个谓语动词,即promotes和influences,用and连接。
“经济文化交流”可译为economic and cultural exchanges。
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