秦始皇

　　赢政(前259年〜前210年)，庄襄王之子，秦朝的开国皇帝。他13岁继承秦王王位，21岁亲理国事。在公元前221年，秦始皇统一了全国，建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权的(centralized )封建国家。秦始皇在位期间统一了文字、货币和度量衡等;他所开创的皇权制度，在中国历史上一直延续了两千多年。然而，秦始皇为了控制人民和加强专制统治(autocratic rule), 采取了许多残忍的手段，其中最著名的就是“焚书坑儒”。

　　Qin Shi Huang

　　Ying Zheng (259 B.C.-210 B.C.), the son of KingZhuangxiang, is the first emperor of the QinDynasty. He ascended the throne at 13, and tookover with state affairs himself at 21. In 221 B.C., QinShi Huang unified the country and established the first centralized feudal state in Chinesehistory. Qin Shi Huang unified the Chinese characters in writing, currency, and measures forlength, capacity and weight. The imperial power system set up by him lasted for more than2,000 years in Chinese history. However, in order to control people and strengthen theautocratic rule, Qin Shi Huang took many brutal means. The most famous one is “Fen ShuKeng Ru”，that is to burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive.

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