新东方：英语四级考试听力30天学习笔记

　　3、宏观题

　　宏观题考察文章的整体思想把握，即中心思想题(Main idea/ Topic题)。一篇文章的首尾是这篇文章的灵魂，体现Speaker的观点。

　　考题特点：What is the passage mainly about? What is the passage talking about? What is the main idea of this talk? 等。

　　解题对策：对于中心思想题。我们可以从三方面来把握。

　　一、从选项入手。选项中出现的多次重复的词一定是中心词(Key word)，正确的main idea选项应该包括，围绕这个中心词来叙述。

　　二、从段子入手，要特别注意文章的两头。尤其是文章的开始两个句子最重要。开头一定出考题!具体需要听的是文章开头的名词。选答案时要优先选含有该名词的选项。

　　三、从段子后面的问题入手。这样也可以提供中心词的线索。大多数的考题都问及的词一定就是此段的中心词。

　　线索词：

　　(1)段子开头的名词

　　(2)文章中间的高频词

　　(3)选项中有如下小词出现：development;evolution;formation;new;effect;and。

　　4、细节题：first;most;because;just;only

　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　14. A) They want to attract attention.

　　B) It is fashionable to wear such clothes.

　　C) They appear respectable in such clothes.

　　D) Riding a motorcycle makes one dirty.

　　15. A) It is efficient.

　　B) It is exciting.

　　C) It is convenient

　　D) It is dangerous.

　　16. A) If he always wears protective clothing.

　　B) If he can see everything around him clearly.

　　C) If he is very careful.

　　D) If he has a lot of defenders.

　　Script

　　Nowadays motorcycling is fast becoming one of America’ s most popular sports. However, there are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. Motorcyclists fre­quently look dirty; in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is little to protect them from mud, insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often dress in old clothing which looks much less respectable than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcy­clists usually wear dark colors.

　　Of course the danger of motorcycling also helps account for many people’ s low opinion of the sport. Its defenders, however, claim that careful cyclists are in less danger than is commonly be­lieved. A cyclist must drive as if no one else on the road chase him. He must pay careful attention to his driving. From that point of view, a man on a motorcycle is safer than a man in a car.

　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　14. Why do motorcyclists often dress in old and dark clothing? 选项涉及中心词

　　15. What is the average citizen’s opinion about motorcycling?

　　16. How can a motorcyclist be safer than a car driver?