2010年12月英语四级考试听力备考笔记(17)

　　数字题(客观题)：听到什么选什么

　　中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词(development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect)

　　细节题：first, most, because, only, just

　　[P28-One]

　　11. A) They often take place in her major industries.

　　B) British trade unions are more powerful.

　　C) There are more trade union members in Britain.

　　D) Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.

　　12. A) Such strikes are against the British law.

　　B) Such strikes are unpredictable.

　　C) Such strikes involve workers from different trades.

　　D) Such strikes occur frequently these days.

　　13.A) Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.

　　B) Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.

　　C) Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.

　　D) Employer- worker relations in Britain have become tenser.

　　Strikes are very common in Britain. They are extremely harmful to its industries. In fact, there are other countries in Western Europe that lose more working days through strikes every year than Britain. The trouble with the strikes in Britain is that they occur in essential industries. There are over 495 unions in Britain. Some unions are very small. Over 20 have more than 100, 000 members. Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages. They also educate their members. They provide benefits for the sick and try to improve working conditions. Trade unioners say that we must thank the unions for the great improvement in working conditions in the last hundred years. It is now against the law for union members to go on strike without the support of their union. This kind of strike is called the unofficial strike and was common until recently. Employers feel that unofficial strikes were most harmful because they would not be predicted. However, these unofficial strikes still occur from time to time and some unions have also refused to cooperate with the law. As a result, the general picture of the relations between workers and employers in Britain has gone from bad to worse.

　　Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. In what way are strikes in Britain different from those in other European countries?(开头)

　　12. Why are British employers so afraid of unofficial strikes?(most, because)

　　13. What conclusion can be drawn from this passage? (结尾As a result)

　　注：Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages. 【否定转移】

　　一个句子中(无标点)，如果前面是否定，后面表达的是原因、结果和目的，那么前面的not否定的是句子后面的原因、结果和目的，而并非是谓语动词。

　　I didn't spend 3 hours repairing your vacuum cleaner so that it could sit in the closet.

　　I didn't teach because it's easy.

　　[P49-Two]

　　15. A) How to handle spiders.

　　B) Spiders in the United States.

　　C) People' s fear of spiders.

　　D) A special kind of spider.

　　16. A) Most spiders will not bite even when handled.

　　B) Most spiders are poisonous and dangerous.

　　C) Most spiders are likely to attack people.

　　D) Most spiders have sharp eyes.

　　17. A) Because she cannot find a husband for herself.

　　B) Because the female spider is larger than the male one.

　　C) Because the female spider often eats her husband.

　　D) Because she is a black female spider.

　　You should not fear spiders because of their poison. Of all the spiders in North America, only one kind is really dangerous and most would not bite even if they were handled. They much prefer to run away or to drop to the ground on a thread of silk. Even so, when a spider runs directly toward a person, it gives the impression that it is about to attack. Actually, it cannot see the person in its way. The spider is too short-sighted to see things at a distance. It only wants to go where it will not be disturbed. In the United States one kind of spider is responsible for the frightening reputation of the rest. It is the Black Widow. So called because the female, which is larger than the male, often eats her husband after making love. The Black Widow is found in all states but is most common in the south and the west. She constructs a loose, irregular web under a pile of rowans or near the foundations of buildings where she is seldom disturbed. She is not an attacking spider and many people have proven this by letting her crawl over their hands. When she bites, it is usually in self-defence. In spite of the stories you may have heard, it is rare for a person to be bitten by a Black Widow and even more unusual for the bite to prove fatal. But remember that her poison is powerful and even though she is shy, she should be respected.

　　Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　15. What is this passage mainly about?

　　16. What do we learn about spiders from the passage?(only, most)

　　17. Why is the spider you just heard about called the Black Widow?(because)

　　注：You should not fear spiders because of their poison. 否定转移