大家看下面的实例，注意体会图表作文的写作特点：
实例1----2002年6月真题
Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week
1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生事业计算机的情况，请描述其变化;
2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明);
3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Model Composition
Great changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. The hours the student spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This rapid increase proves that students were in closer contact with computers.
To account for this phenomenon, people have come up with various reasons as listed below. In the first place, with the drop in prices of computers, more students could afford computers, therefore they could spend much more time with computers. In the second place, the computers were applied to wider and wider use and students had to take advantage of this modern invention. Last but not the least important, the development of society pushed computers into more dormitories.
Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. To begin with, many students still have no computers of their own. What’s more, many students use computers only to play e-games and browse porn websites, which causes harm to their mind. (172 words)
实例2----1991年6月真题
Changes in People’s Diet
Food19861987198819891990
Grain49%47%46.5%45%45%
Milk10%11%11%12%13%
Meat17%20%22.5%23%21%
Fruit& Vegetable24%22%20%20%21%
Total100%100%100%100%100%
l State the changes in people’s diet in the past five years.
l Give possible reasons for the changes.
l Draw your own conclusion
Model Composition
As is shown in the above table, great changes took place on people’s diet from 1986 to 1990. On the whole, the consumption of grain decreased year by year, while that of some high-energy food, such as milk and meat, increased consistently.
In my opinion, there are two major reasons for the changes in people’s diet. On one hand, people gave their attention to the quality of their diet. On the other hand, they could afford to buy more expensive food with better nutrition owing to the increase of their income.
From the above, we can see that people’s living standard improved remarkably in the five years from 1986 to 1990. And we can also anticipate that they will live more and more comfortably and healthily in the future. (128 words)
实例3
Employment Problem of College Graduates
Year20022003(Estimated)2004(Estimated)
Number of Unemployed Graduates380,000420,000500,000
l 描写2002年到2004年找不到工作的大学毕业生的人数变化;
l 分析原因(高校扩招使毕业生供给大于需求，很多毕业生只愿留在大城市，毕业生的专业不适合社会需要等)
l 给出解决问题的办法。
Model Composition
As is demonstrated in the table, more and more college graduates are out of a job in our country, which is a serious problem to our economic development and social security. It is estimated that in 2004, there will be 500,000 unemployed graduates, more than 30% higher than in 2002.
There are several reasons for this phenomenon. In the first place, as the enrollment of college students has grown by more than 30% annually since 1998, more and more students are thrown into the labor market. However, our annual GDP growth has been about 8%. Therefore, the supply of labor exceeds the demand, hence a shortage of positions. In the second place, many graduates do not want to work in medium-sized and small cities or towns where they are most needed. Instead, too many of them crowd in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou.
Serious as the problem seems, we can come up with some measures to deal with it. On one hand, the government should develop our national economy more rapidly, creating more job opportunities. On the other hand, the college students must be realistic in choosing jobs. Only in these ways can we hope to solve the problem. (201 words)
实例4
The Average Life Expectancy in America
Year190019101920193019401950196019701980
ALE47.35054.159.762.968.769.770.873.8
l State the changes in the average life expectancy in America;
l Explain the reasons for the changes;
l Draw your conclusions.
图画作文
除了表格和图表题目，还有与其类似的图画题目。图画写作是较难的题型，虽然大学英语四级考试一直未曾采用，但近年来新题型频繁出现，象报告、公众演讲、导游解说都已考过，故防患于未然，该题型也是大家应该掌握的。
首先看一下图画题型写作注意事项：
l 详细查看图画。对图画进行全面而细致的研究，尤其注意图画中人或物(人与物)的体貌表情特征和背景，确定人物之间，人物与背景之间的主要关系，以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。
l 如果图画以系列形式(既两幅以上)出现，考生除了掌握每一幅图画的信息，还应该对图画之间的相应联系有所理解，从而在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。
l 面对图画题型，应该展开合理而丰富的联想，用生动而恰当的言辞抒发自己对图画的所思所想所感。
l 注意图画题型中的文字提示。文字提示非常重要，文字提示通常十分清楚地提供一些写作要点。
l 草拟提纲，合理组织材料。根据图画内容的不同采用不同的段落发展方式。如果画面内容是以描述为主，即按空间方位或时间先后顺序排列，可采用“开头——扩展——结尾”的写作方式。如果画面内容是以解释说明为主，写作时则先给出主题句，再围绕主题句完成各段落的写作，这是采用“主题句——扩展句——总结句”的写作方式。
l 系统且突出地展开段落。展开段落要根据画面内容进行，同时也要围绕每一段的主题句进行。
l 检查与修改。重点检查图画内容是否准确地被表达出来，题目所给提示是否完整地反映在文章之中。如果存在与画面不相符的内容，或未能完全涵盖题目所给提示，应对文章做出相应修订。
l
大家看下面的实例，注意体会图画作文的写作特点：
实例1
The Harmfulness of Smoking
1. Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the cartoon;
2. Give reasons why smoking is harmful; and
3. How we can solve the problem.
Model Composition
As is shown in the cartoon, when the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物) which will devour him. This picture tells us vividly that smoking is harmful to people.
The harmfulness of smoking can be illustrated in three aspects. First of all, smoking does harm to people’s health. It is common knowledge that many deadly diseases derive from smoking. The best example is lung cancer. In addition, smoking costs a lot of money. It is estimated that tens of billions of yuan is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste. Last but not the least important, smoking may cause fire. Do you still remember the big fire in Northeastern China which caused serious damages to people’s lives and properties?
Since smoking does so many harms, every one of us should try to do something to put an end to the problem. The government should make stricter rules to prohibit smoking in public places and the smokers should give up smoking. (169 words)
实例2
The Tears of A Bird
l Describe the cartoon and deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture;
l State the harmful effects of the phenomenon;
l Give suggestions as to how to solve the problem.
Model Composition
As can be clearly seen from the cartoon, a bird is sitting on the top of a huge ax, with tears streaming from its eyes. Because all the trees are cut down, the bird will have no habitat. The cartoon conveys the meaning that it is urgent to preserve the woods for the birds and protect the environment for human beings.
The cutting of trees, as well as the destruction of our environment, may lead to several harms as follows. In the first place, the trees provide us with many vital things we humans need, such as oxygen, food, shelter and so on. The animals, such as the bird in the picture, also need the trees. In the second place, if trees are cut down, then there will be nothing to retain the rain water, thus floods will happen more often in the future. Last but not least, there is only one earth. If the environment is destroyed, then we will have no place to live in.
Since this phenomenon causes so many harmful effects, we have to come up with some measures to deal with it. First of all, the authorities should adopt the policy of “sustainable development”, just as our government has been doing. What’s more, every citizen should realize the seriousness of the problem and make concerted efforts to protect our environment.
实例3
Love
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her understanding of it.
There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to
l show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,
l give a specific example, and
give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.
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