2010年12月大学英语四级考试写作提高笔记(13)

　　中间段(例论法)

　　* 作者根据个人经历或所闻所见，列举事实说明或支持文章主题。从而使读者确切地了解其观点的含义或依据。

　　* 例证的组织可按时间顺序、典型性、重要性等进行排列。一般说来最典型、最重要的例子放在最前面(以引起读者兴趣)或最后面(以加深读者印象)。

　　* 具体写法手段有：

　　条件法/具体细节法/对比法/科技法/历史法，下面一例就是具体法代表：

　　主题：北京天气坏

　　In spring, the weather in Beijing can be very bad. It is often windy and dusty here. In spring, the wind may blow all day long, the air is then filled with fine dust which sometimes shuts out the sun. There is no escape of the fine dust. It gets into, your eyes, yours nostrils, and your hair and penetrates through the closed windows.

　　结尾段

　　结尾是文章的总结和思想的最后升华，它应起到再次肯定和强调主题的效果。

　　高分作文的结尾段应短小有力，言简意赅，又意味深长。具体说来结尾段主要有以下4种表述方法：

　　(1) 重述或总结前面的主题。

　　将前面各段的内容，换一种方式进行总结、再述。

　　(2) 提出一个与主题相关的问题。

　　这一问题的答案其实在文中已描述清楚，可以说明知故问，目的是要读者同意作者本人的观点。如“As the reasons listed above, why don’t you choose the public school for your child?”(关于公立、私立学校的主题)

　　(3) 提出预测或希望

　　作者对上面的阐述观点作一些补充和例外情况的说明，这样显得文章活泼、生动又不失客观、说明性。如：关于“电视广告”一文结尾“In a word, TV advertisement, I think, are a newborn thing in the development of our economy, of course, there is much room for improvement in the TV ads. I believe the TV ads will benefit both the advertisers and comsumers.”

　　又如关于5天工作制的主题：“I hope someday we will have a four-day work policy”。

　　(4) 提出建议或改进措施。

　　作者就上面问题进行分析、比较之后，往往提出一些解决方法供读者参考，这种方法同样也具有一定的渲染力。

　　写作必背句子汇总

　　1. Television and radio are almost the most powerful media compared with other means of mass communications like newspaper and magazine.

　　2. And media, is I understand, couldn’t be implementing the principles of fairness, objectiveness, all-roundedness and above all, the responsibility without any supervision.

　　3. If a country is democratic, media censorship would be simpler because the government only needs to care for the program’s social effect, such as the possible consequence of a movie about drug on teenagers.

　　4. Where was the censorship which may prevent such a disastrous test?

　　5. It can and will warn the government of some problems, like corruption, so that people can trust their governors more if they see the problems solved.

　　6. And this attitude — letting the audience decide what’s good for them with their own eyes, ears and minds, will guarantee a social stability in the long run.

　　7. Like the tangible environment, that is the air we breathe, the water we drink and the food on our dinner table, the world’s energy resources are the common wealth of all human beings on the globe.

　　8. The disequilibrium between nations makes it unavoidable and indeed very necessary to have worldwide cooperation.

　　9. The cooperation enables different nations, no matter energy rich or poor ones, to sensibly explore and make use of their energy resources by adjusting the supply and demand, and thus to avoid the so-called over-exploration and blind-consumption of the resources.