篮球爱好者都知道,拍球时力气越大,球就跳得越高。心理学家将这一现象称之为“拍球效应”,比喻人们承受的压力越大,反而越能激发潜能;反之,压力太小,动力不足,很难发挥出真正的水平。
现代社会的压力主要源于fierce competition。激烈的竞争几乎见诸于我们社会生活、工作、学习的方方面面。生活中,我们忍受着物价上涨,生活成本增加的压力;工作中,我们忍受着科技发展,技术日新月异所带的效率提高和竞争增加的压力;学习中,我们面临着学业、择业、就业等压力。
研究发现,适度的压力有利于人们保持良好的状态,从而提高个人工作、学习效率与团队的整体效率。特别是在从事简单的任务时,心理压力大小与完成情况直接挂钩。而在完全没有压力的环境下,人容易滋生惰性,变得颓废不前,难有进步,就像水没有落差就不会流动一样。因此,学会与压力共存,才能激发自己达到最佳状态。
回顾近年四六级考试,我们发现观点对比型的作文经常见诸四六级考试命题中:如2009年12月份六级:艺术培训班;2009年6月份六级:名字的重要性;2008年6月份六级:电子图书和2008年6月四级:娱乐活动;2007年6月六级:做好事是否应该追求回报;2006年12月四级:春晚。
可见,该种命题形式在六级考试中出现的频率是多于四级的,而且六级涉及的话题往往也比四级更加抽象一些。
在命题形式上,观点对比型的写作要求也有别于2006年之前的写作形式,突出体现在首段需要对主题现象进行描述。
下面的这篇练习题目的主题是:competition。也可以理解为压力。
话题仅供童鞋们参考,重在熟悉该类作文的写作思路和常见表达。
2010年12月四、六级作文类型展望与话题预测3:观点对比型作文:竞争
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Competition. You should write no less than 120/150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1、现代社会竞争激烈,例如。。。。。
2、有人喜欢竞争,也有人持反对意见
3、我的看法
On Competition
写作思路解析:
首段:四句话:现象描述+正方观点+正方理由1+正方理由2
Living in an era of information and technology, individuals are confronted with a wide variety of competitions or pressures: in study, we suffer from academic competition; in work, we live under pressure of efficiency; in life, we strive against the ascending cost of living. Some are in favor of competition. In their eyes, without competition, it is impossible for the society as a whole to progress. Besides, in their opinion, competition will definitely promote the development of those who spare no effort to work, which otherwise would be impossible.
二段:三句话:反方观点+反方理由1(危害)+反方理由1(危害)
Rewarding as it is, others hold an opposite perspective. First, what makes many experts worried is that too many competitions may harm people’s physical and mental fitness. Second, to some extent, their opinion derives from the fact that competition between friends or colleagues may impair the friendship or team spirit.
尾段:三句话:我的看法+理由+展望未来
As a college student, I am firmly convinced that it is necessary to have some competition. In spite of the disadvantages, we do need competition to enhance our working and studying efficiency. Only by means of proper competition can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which every one spare no effort to their work and study.(207words)
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