新东方：英语四级考试阅读30天学习笔记

　　注：写作目的题型，写作目的=写作动机+文章主题，看文章主题第一句话

　　20. The following is the main point of the article:____

　　A) A bat will catch hundreds of insects in a single hour.

　　B) There is a perfection in nature which sometimes can not be matched by man's creative efforts.

　　C) The phrase "blind as a bat" is valid.

　　D) Sonar and radar systems of man are inefficient.

　　注：写作主题题型，第一句话的同义改写 match v. 匹敌

　　In these days of technological triumphs, it is well to remind ourselves from time to time that living mechanisms are often incomparably more efficient than their artificial imitations. There is no better illustration of this idea than the sonar (声纳) system of bats. It is billions of times more efficient and more sensitive than the radars and sonars designed by man.

　　Question 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

　　11. The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ____.

　　A) teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotion

　　B) give the general reader an account of two basic kinds of learning

　　C) give parents some advice on how to modify their children's emotions through learning

　　D) discuss with psychologist how positive and negative feelings are produced

　　12.If your jokes often find already echo in a person, you will learn though ____ that telling jokes to this person is fun, and you will try with greater efforts to be humorous in his presence.

　　A) classical conditioning B) operant conditioning

　　C) neither of them D) some other sorts of conditioning

　　13. If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry animals with pain or startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning

　　through ____.

　　A) classical conditioning B) operant conditioning

　　C) both of them D) neither of them

　　14. In the third paragraph, the author is ____.

　　A) discussing how we grow and have new experiences every day

　　B) talking about learning to modify emotions through operant conditioning

　　C) concentrating on learning by reading, watching television, interacting with people, and so on

　　D) using examples to further illustrate learning through classical conditioning

　　15. In the following paragraphs the author will most probably go on to discuss _____.

　　A) definitions of positive feelings and negative feelings

　　B) the third kind of learning

　　C) further examples of learning through operant conditioning

　　D) none of the above

　　Question 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: