例2.…. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquainting with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as reader, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.
Q: The passage is most like a part of 。
(A)a news article (B) a journalistic interview
(C) a research report (D) a preface
(分析：选D项。这属判断、推理题。考生在了解全文梗概之后，要正确地对文章的内容作出判断，考生关键要看懂文章最后一句话："…as this book indicates。"由此便推断正确的答案是D项。)
例3 ….In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programs are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue.…
Q：Which of the following statements does the writer support?
(A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.
(B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.
(C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.
(D) Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear every programmes.
(分析：选A项，属推理题，依据文中"such an expansion assumes…. However,…便可推断出A项正确。)
3、引用人物论断处常考
作者为了正确表达出自己观点或使论点更有依据，常常引用某名人的论断或重要发现等。命题者常在此作文章。多以"推理性"题为主，有时也出"细节事实性"题型。
例1."There is a senseless notion that children grew up and leave home when they're 18, and the truth is far from that,"says sociologist Larry Bumpers of the University of Wisconsin….
Q: There was apparently a trend in the USA ________ .
(A) for young adults to leave their parents and live independently.
(B) For middle class young adults to stay with their parents.
(C) For married young adults to move back home after a lengthy absence.
(D) For going adults to get jobs nearby in order to live with their parents.
(分析：选A项。属推理题。作者引用的这句话意思是："孩子长到18岁时应离开父母去独立生活的概念是没有道理的，而事实情况也并非如此。"而题干问：过去在美国显然有一种什么趋势。考生通过细心推断引文，便能选中A项：年轻的成年人应该离开父母而去独立生活。)
例2. …"people cheat on their sleep, and they don't even realize they're doing it,"says Dr. David."They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5 howler, when they really need 7.5 , eight or even more to feel ideally rigorous."(见《分册》P12页例3)
Q: According to Dr. David, Americans ________ .
(A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life.
(B) Often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit.
(C) Do not know how to relax themselves properly.
(D) Can get by on 6.5 hoarse of sleep.
(分析：选B项。属于归纳事实细节题。Dr. David所说的话，描述的是一种事实现象，即美国人睡眠不足而误认为这不是什么大的事，还自我感觉良好。从事实中我们可以看出美国人经常忽视睡眠不足的后果，即B项的内容。)
例3. By the millions they are coming-no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We don't have a budget,"says a biologist from Brazil. As she walks with two companions through New York lity's South Street, "We juse use our credit cards."
Q：From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourist
like her ________ .
(A) are reluctant to carry cash with them.
(B) Simply don't care how much they spend.
(C) Are not good at planning their expenditure.
(D) Often spend more money that they can afford.
(分析：选B项。属判断推理题。文章讲成千上万涌进美国的富有者与那个巴西生物学家一样，他们在购物时只管刷卡("just use our credit cards.")而根本不做预算("don't have a hudget"),可推断出他们这类人是"根本不管花多少钱的。"即B项内容。)4、转折处与强对比处常考
一般而言，转折后的内容常常是语义的重点，命题者常对转折处的内容进行提问。转折一般通过however, but, yet, in fact等词或短语来引导。强对比常由unlike, until, not so much…as等词或短语引导。命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。 比如文章中说甲具有X属性，但乙与甲不同，问乙有何属性?答曰：非X属性。
此类考点常出现在逻辑推理型题中，少数出现于其它题型中。
例1. Some observers say the fault is with the young people…. But that's a condemnation of the students as a whole…. Others blame the state of the world… But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.
Q：According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that _______ .
(A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates.
(B) High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.
(C) Too many students have to earn their own living.
(D) College administrators encourage students to drop out.
(分析：选A项。考生阅读文章时，应注意到文中有两个"but"的转折，特别是段末一转折句意即：但失望的毕业生了解到社会再也不能吸收大量的23岁的训练有素的大学生。这一转折后的内容正好是解答题干问题的依据，我们从这句话可以推断出大学考试之所以出了问题部分源于一个事实，即A项：社会不能为训练有素的大学生提供足够工作。此属逻辑推理题。)
例2 … Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commits suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding….
Q： It can be conduced from the passage that ________ .
(分析：这道题属逻辑推理题，命题者利用unlike进行强烈对比，要求考生推断出正确结论。)
例3 Beauty has always been regard as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attentive defendants(被告)。But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
Q：The author writes this passage to _______ .
(A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractive.
(B) Give advice to job-seekers who are attractive.
(C) Demand equal rights for women.
(D) Emphasize the importance of appearance.
(分析：选A项。属主旨大意类题型。前面都是讲美给人带来的种种好处，用but突然进行转折，考生即可推测出下面要讲美给人带来的不利方面了。)
例4. The sensation of sound involves a verity of factors in addition to its peak level. …In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large rage. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak level.
Q: Commercials create the sensate at the highest sound level.
(A)TV stations always operate at the highest sound level.
(B)Their sound levels are kept around peak level.
(C)Their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges.
(D)Unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range.
(分析：选B项，该题属阐述说明主旨大意的事实细节题。用however作转折，指出商业节目的音量是保持或接近峰值(peak levels)。命题者给出的B答案中，只是对however后原句进行了词语和句型的转换。)
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