2010年12月英语四六级考试阅读提高练习(37)

　　Admission to some private colleges is more selective and rigid than admission to some public institutions, and frequently the student body is smaller. High school applicants to some private colleges must submit detailed application forms, and they must take scholastic aptitude and achievement examinations. College admissions committees decide which students to accept, basing their judgment on these applications, the results of the examinations, high school records, and other factors such as personal interviews with the applicants and letters of recommendation from high school teachers. For certain colleges, such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Stanford, and Columbia, applications usually far exceed the number of students who are accepted. In 1975 , for example, Harvard received 7620 applications for 1500 available places.

　　The average private college tuition in the early 1970s was $ 2161 a year. This figure was approximately four times greater than the average public-college tuition. At Harvard, tuition cost $3200 in 1973-1974. The University of Massachusetts, a publicly supported institution in the same state, charged $ 300 for a state resident. These tuition figures do not include the costs of room, food, and other everyday living expenses. Some students receive scholarship assistance and loans to help pay for the cost of their education. Many students at private and public colleges work while they are attending school, in order to pay their expenses.

　　Almost 1500 American colleges and universities are privately organized and financed. More than half the income of these institutions comes from student tuition payments. The rest comes from private gifts, endowment earnings, and some federal research grants, Because of steadily rising costs, many private institutions have had to raise tuition rates, reduce scholarship aid, and limit some academic programs. The poor financial condition of most private institutions is a very serious problem in the world of higher education today.

　　Student fees account for only 15 percent of the income of public colleges and universities. The rest comes from municipal or state and some federal government sources. Although public institutions have also experienced the problem of rising costs, they have often been able to depend on state legislators for financial support. In large part this support may be explained by the legislators' response *o the wishes of the people who elected them and to general acceptance of the American tradition that everyone who is qualified should have the opportunity to continue his climb up the educational ladder at publicly financed institutions.

　　1. It can be inferred from the passage that all high school graduates who want an education and are qualified will have the opportunity for further education in either public or private universities.

　　2. According to the passage, about three fourths of college and university students are studying in the public institutions.

　　3. Private institutions. enjoy higher reputation of good teaching quality, although they have similar academic programs with public institutions.

　　4. Students can study for a master's degree or the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in any institutions as long as they can meet all the requirements.

　　5. The assistant professors are right next to the full professors in the academic ladder.

　　6. The average tuition of private colleges was about four times more than that of public colleges in the early 1970s, which accounted for half of the total income.

　　7. The majority of the students who graduate from high schools go on with their education in the institutions of higher learning.

　　8. A college senior is supposed to focus his study on______.

　　9. That the operation of the colleges and universities rests with state or local government is the characteristic of______.

　　10. The admissions committees of private colleges are responsible for______.

　　I. Y 2. Y 3. NG 4. N 5. N 6. N 7. Y

　　8. his major 9. public institutions 10. deciding which students to accept