经典推荐：大学英语四级阅读题型猜词技巧

　　三、猜词技巧的作用

　　多个实验证明，猜词技巧的培训能明显提高英语阅读水平。猜词技巧是一种学习能力，学习者利用猜词技巧有助于迅速扩充词汇量，增强阅读兴趣，提高阅读能力。

　　一些考试，尤其是出国考试要求考生掌握大量词汇，在考试中又会经常出现一些考生没有见到过的词汇，而且这些词汇考生可能很难会再次碰到。要掌握这些词汇不太可能，在这种情况下，掌握猜词技巧就显得尤为重要。

　　四、猜词实战(以2008年12月四级快速阅读真题为例)

　　That's enough, kids

　　It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

　　"I'd watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he'd shoved," she says." I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, 'No, we don't push," What happened next was unexpected.

　　shove

　　首先，我们可以判断shove是动词，表示动作。从上文得知这个小男孩"走到我两岁儿子前，把他推到了地上"，而且"我看到他一会功夫就shove了四五个孩子"。可以推断出，shove是与push相近的动作。

　　属于根据同义替代猜词词义。

　　"The boy's mother ran toward me from across the park," Stella says," I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?"

　　discipline

　　根据文中含义，我们可以推知，男孩的母亲生气了，对"我"大声嚷叫，责怪我"discipline"教训她的孩子。

　　属于内在逻辑关系之根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义。

　　unacceptable

　　我们非常熟悉accept一词，又知un-是否定前缀，-able是形容词后缀，可直接推出unacceptable是"不可接受的"。

　　属于构词技巧之根据前后缀猜词词义。

　　Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people's children has become a minefield.

　　minefield

　　首先，我们已学mine(地雷)和field(场地)，可以猜测minefield指"雷区"。但是，根据句意，minefield的本义在这里讲不通，又知上一句讲到：能让自己的孩子好好玩就已经是件棘手的事了，和其他人的孩子相处就是个minefield。从逻辑上看，这是个比较关系。联想minefield(雷区)的特征，我们可以猜测到minefield指非常危险的事情。

　　属于构词技巧之复合词的各部分以及内部推理之根据递进关系猜词词义。

　　In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister's house it's encouraged. For her, it's about kids being kids: "If you can't do it at three, when can you do it?"

　　Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt's house. But I find myself saying "no" a lot when her kids are over at mine. That's OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you're talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

　　"Kids aren't all raised the same," agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University." But there is still an idea that they're the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you're saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that's somehow a criticism of me."

　　inappropriately

　　Inappropriately为副词，修饰"behave"，表示"行为如何"。由下文"a criticism of me"可知，inappropriately为贬义词，我们可猜知是行为不当。

　　In those circumstances, it's difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

　　"I'd go to the child first," says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that 'we don't do that here' is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings."

　　He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

　　This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they're there and ask them to deal with it," she says.

　　Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: "Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: 'I know you'll think I'm silly but in my house I don't want…'"

　　preface

　　把Preface按构词法拆分，由前缀pre-(在……之前)和face(面)组成，可以推出preface指在……之前。

　　属于根据词根词缀猜词词义。