2012年12月英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(5)

　　2012.12英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇(5)

　　Passage 5

　　The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典)in 1896 and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nation man participants were tourists who __1__ to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was __2__ and the standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up.

　　Since then the games had been held every four years except during the __3__ of the two World War. This was __4__ a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stop and make way for the games.

　　The games have grown enormously in scale and __5__ performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunately the same cannot be said about their __6__ standard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercialism get involvedas countries vie each other for(为 ...... 而互相竞争) the __7__ to hold the games because of the political prestige and commercial profit to be __8__ out of them. In the 11 th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly come to __9__ in Germany tried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to __10__.

　　A) honour B) accomplish C) had D) moral

　　E) arrive F) occured G) end H) power

　　I) happened J) definitely K) Physical L) informal

　　M) interruption N) especially O) irregular

　　参考答案及解析:

　　1.选I)。空格中要填词为who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，可知此处应填动词的过去式。可选项有had, occurred和happened,首先空格所在的who引导的定语从句修饰的是tourists“游客”，happened to be in Greece“碰巧在希腊”是符合这样的语境的，而had to “不得不”和occur to表示“想起，想到”都不能使句意通顺。

　　2.选L)。and引导两个意思相近的并列结构，由the standard was not high“标准不高”可知，此处要填的是和not high语气一致的形容词，再由前两句可知，参赛的国家很少并且有很多很多游客参加了比赛，这说明这次比赛没有那么正式，选项中只有informal符合题意。选项irregular则一般表示“(形状)不规则的，(安排)无规律的”，与句意不符，故排除。

　　3.选M)。从句中的except可知在两次世界大战中没有比赛，说明的是奥运会因战争而中断。选项中有end和interruption可表示停止，end“终断”，表示某事中断后不再继续，interruption“中断”，表示某事中断后仍然继续，故选择interruption。

　　4.选J)。本句主系表结构完整，由此可知，此处应填副词，修饰整个句子。选项中有definitely和especially，从句意来理解，这......违背了古老的奥林匹克精神，将definitely“显然地”带入原文，符合原文的意思;而especially“特别地”表示强调，而此处表示的则是通过比较后得出结果，故排除especially。

　　5.选K)。奥林匹克比赛中的两个最重要的方面就是竞技水平和运动精神，由grown enormously in scale可知，现在参加奥林匹克运动会规模渐大，运动员逐渐增多，因此应理解为体育竞技水平达到了前所未有的高度，因此应选physical。

　　6.选D)。此处应填形容词。由Unfortunately和because of the political prestige and commercial profit可推出，不幸的是各国竞争举办奥运的目的是为了政治威望与利益，可见此处说明的是与体育成绩相对应的运动会的道德水准没有得到相应的提高，选项中只有moral符合题意。

　　7.选A)。此处应填名词。各国争夺举办奥运会，to hold the games是一种实力象征，也是一种荣耀。选项中有honour和power可选，power一般指“(个人或团体所掌握或获得的)职权”，故排除power而选honour“荣幸”。

　　8.选C)。此处应填动词的被动形式，这里考查的是动词have的一个搭配用法即have something out of something“从......中得到......”，故这里选这C)had,表示“举办奥运会带来的政治威望和商业利润。”

　　9.选H)。cme to power是固定搭配，意为“(开始)掌权，上台”。

　　10.选B)。此处应填动词的原形。可选项有accomplish,arrive和end,arrive一般指“到达(某地)”，end强调的是“(使某事)结束”，因此都不能与journey搭配，故排除arrive和end而选accomplish“完成”。

　　导读：

　　The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典)in 1896 and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nation man participants were tourists who I)happened to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was L)informal standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up.

　　Since then the games had been held every four years except during the M)interruption of the two World War. This was J)definitely a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stop and make way for the games.

　　The games have grown enormously in scale and K)physical performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunatelythe same cannot be said about their Dmoral stantard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercialism get involved as countries vie each other for(为......而互相竞争)the A)honour to hold the games because of the political prestige and commercial profit to be C)had out of them.(这是一个复合句。主句中get involved即为are involved,意为“被卷入进来”，as引导原因状语从句，从句中的动词不定式短语to hold the games修饰第7题应填的名词，而本句中又包含一个由because of引导的原因状语，动词不定式to be...out of them修饰political prestige and commercial profit.)In the 11th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly come to H)power in Germany tried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to B)accomplish. (本文最后一句是一个复杂的简单句。现在分词短语taking months to...修饰a marathon journey。)

　　全文翻译：

　　第一届现代奥林匹克运动会于1896年在雅典举行，当时只有12个国家参加。除了东道国之外，许多参赛者都是当时碰巧在希腊观光的旅游者。尽管整个比赛是非正式的，而且标准也不高，但奥运会作为业余体育运动的古老传统却被保持下来了。

　　从那时起，奥运会每四年举办一次，不过在两次世界大战期间，奥运会停办了。毫无疑问，这与古老的奥林匹克精神是背道而驰的，因为在那是，战争必须停下来为比赛让路。

　　奥运会发展规模巨大，体育成绩已经达到了前所未有的高度。不幸的是，奥运会的道德水准没有得到相应的提高。现代奥运会已经不再奥林匹亚而是在全世界各个不同城市举行。由于举办奥运会带来的政治威望和商业利润，各国为争夺举办奥运会而相互竞争，这样就使政治和商业利益不可避免地卷入进来。第11届奥运会与1936年在柏林举行，刚在德国当权的希特勒试图利用这个大好时机进行纳粹宣传。于是奥林匹克圣火第一次以接力方式----现在需要好几个月才能完成的一段马拉松路程----从奥林匹亚一直传送到举办地点。

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