6. So urgent need requires prompt action.
7. This is as lovely picture as I have ever seen.
8. I don’t think you realize what serious crisis this is.
9. You can hardly hope to succeed where many greater man has failed.
10. How serious crime had been committed was not realized until much later.
(三)定冠词 (Definite Article)
1) 定冠词的基本特性
实际上所有名词(专有名词将另行讨论)前都可能用定冠词the。究竟用不用定冠词，主要取决于我们所表达的思想。如果我们要给予某个名词以明确的、限定的、特指的意义，就用the;反之，就不用the。请看下列句子：
|
1 |
2 |
|
I love books. |
Put the books on the shelf. |
|
Butter is not cheap. |
The butter I bought is not cheap. |
|
He went to work by car. |
He rode to work in the new car. |
|
He has gained strength. |
He has regained the strength he lost. |
|
I like music. |
I like the music composed by the young man. |
a) 一般用于带有修饰语的名词词组前，但并非所有带修饰语的名词都需要the。例如：
Don’t you think Georgian houses are absolutely lovely?
Stainless steel (不锈钢器皿) has many uses.
I can’t say I care for modern art.
上面三句中斜体部分的名词虽然都有修饰语，因没有明确限定而是泛指一类事物，故不用the。下面三句斜体部分的名词则表示提到过的，特指的事物，要用the：
The Georgian houses have been sold.
The stainless steel was beautiful, but I thought most of the glass (玻璃器皿) they exhibited was rather unimaginative.
They showed a wonderful selection of the impressionists, but the modern art was too limited in its range.
b) 也用于有后置修饰语的名词词组前。例如：
The old houses which are most worth visiting are in the Imperial City.
The steel of the gun barrels has gone rusty.
The art of the eighteenth century has never been surpassed(超过).
上面三句中的形容词从句和介词短语明确了是什么样的房子(what houses)，什么样的钢(what steel)和什么样的艺术 (what art)，故用the。下面三句同样有形容词从句和介词短语修饰名词，但是它们只指这些名词属于某一类事物，并非特指，故不用the。例如：
Houses which fail to satisfy these minimum requirements are to be pulled down.
Steel of great strength is needed for the manufacture of guns.
Art in the eighteenth century probably played a more important part in people’s lives than it does today.
EXERCISE 4
Fill in the blanks with the where necessary:
1. The engineers found that steel was of insufficiently high quality. Steel, I suppose, is the most important single product of the modern industrial world.
2. Large forests can have an important influence on climate.
Forests have all been cut down.
3. Nature was probably his chief source of inspiration (灵感，鼓舞).
Nature of the problem was such as to arouse his interest.
4. Education of little children has been greatly neglected.
Public education must be greatly extended.
5. The exploration(探索)of space has become one of the chief topics of science fiction(科幻小说).
Space between the table and the wall was just big enough for a small bed.
6. I prefer classical music to pop music.
Film wasn’t very good but I liked music.
7. My favourite subject at school was history.
All students should know something about history of their own country.
8. I cannot judge accuracy of your calculations(计算).
In mathematics accuracy is essential.
2) 定冠词的主要用法
a) 用于单数名词前，表示“某一类人或物”，以区别于其他人或物。例如：
The tiger is a fierce(凶猛的) animal. (相当于A tiger is a fierce animal.或Tigers are fierce animals.)
In this tribe the woman goes out hunting and the man stays at home to look after the children.
下面三句中的斜体部分不能互换：
Who invented the radio? (指类别)
Who had a radio? (指同类中的任何一个)
Who manufactured radios?(指这一类中的所有个体)
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