2010年成人高考专升本英文时态知识点归纳(4)

　　但that 一般可用来代替who， whom， which，作宾格时可省略

　　Do you remember the teacher that/who taught us English?

　　A bookstore is a store that/which sells books.

　　The man (that/whom/who) you know is a famous professor.

　　A) that 不能用来替代who， whom， which的两种情况

　　1)“介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用that

　　She is a good student from whom we should learn.

　　2) 在非限制性定语从句中，逗号后面不能用that

　　She sang a new song， which we like very much.

　　注意：非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能省略

　　B) 用that不用which的一些特殊情况

　　1) 先行词为all， much， little， something， anything， everything， nothing等

　　Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

　　2) 先行词前有形容词最高级修饰

　　This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.

　　3) 先行词前有first， last， next， only， very， all， any等词修饰

　　The first step (that) we are to take is very difficult.

　　4) 先行词同时含有“人”和“非人”时，用that 不用which，也不用who/whom

　　He talked about the people and the books that interested him.

　　C) 关系副词when， where， why

　　用关系副词when时，它的先行词是表示时间的名词，用where时先行词是表示地点的名词，而用why时它的先行词只可能是reason，使用时应注意以下几点：

　　1) 关系代词的选择主要是看先行词在从句中所作的成分

　　This is the city where I was born.

　　This is the city (which/that) he has visited

　　I don‘t know the reason why she is late.

　　That is the reason (which/that) everybody knows

　　Do you still remember the day when he arrived?

　　Do you still remember the day (that/which) we spent together?

　　2) 关系副词when，where， why可由“介词+which”的结构来替代

　　Is this the reason for which they came?

　　He left the day on which I came.

　　注意：how 不能用来引导定语从句

　　This is the way how he did it.

　　D) As 作关系代词的用法

　　与the same， such连用

　　This is the same book as I read last week.

　　Such books as I have read are classical works.