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Section¢òReading Comprehension

Part A

Directions£º

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A£¬B£¬C or Dª±Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1ª±£¨40 points£©

Text 1

New figures from France£¬Germany and Italy¡ªthe three biggest economies in the 12 country Eurozone¡ªsuggest the continent¡®s economic woes may have been exaggerated.In France£¬evidence emerged that consumer spending remained solid in July and August£¬rising 1.4%and 0.6%respectively.Forecasters had generally expected the July figure to show a 0.1% slippage£¬with August unchanged.But the figures were flattered slightly by a down grade to the June figure£¬to 0.7% from1.5%.

With manufacturing in the doldrums across Europe and the US£¬consumer spending has been increasingly seen as the best hope of stopping the global economic slowdown from turning into a recession.The French government said the news proved that the economy was holding up to the strain of the slowdown.

Meanwhile in Germany£¬new regional price figures went someway towards calming fears about inflation in Europe¡®s largest economy¡ªa key reason for the European Central Bank¡¯s reluctance to cut interest 15 states said consumer prices were broadly stable£¬with inflation falling year on year.The information backed economists¡®expectations that inflation for the country as a whole is set to fall back to a yearly rate of 2.1%£¬compared to a yearly rate of 2.6% in August£¬closing in on the Euroª²wide target of 2%.The drop is partly due to last year¡¯s spike in oil prices dropping out of the yearª²onª²year calculation.

The icing on the cake was news that Italy¡®s job market has remained buoyant.The country¡¯s July unemployment rate dropped to 9.4% from 9.6% the month before£¬its lowest level in more than eight years.And a business confidence survey from quasiª²governmental research group ISAE told of a general pickª²up in demand in the six weeks to early September.But the news was tempered by an announcement by Alitalia£¬the country¡®s biggest airline£¬that it will have to get rid of 2£¬500 staff to cope with the expected contraction as well as selling 12 aeroplanes. And industrial group Confindustria warned that the attacks on US targetsmeant growth will be about 1.9% this year£¬well short of the government¡¯s 2.4% target. And it said the budget deficit will probably be about 1.5%£¬nearly twice the 0.8% Italy¡®s government has promised its European Union partners.

21ª±We know from the first paragraph that.

Aª±new figures from the three European countries show the prediction of forecasters is exactly right

Bª±European economy gets on better than forecasters have predicted

Cª±all of the forecasters expect the fully figure to show a reduction

Dª±in three European countries the consumer spending continues to rise

22ª±The term¡°in the doldrums¡±in Paragraph 2 refers to .

Aª±in the process of rising Bª±experiencing a sharp turning

Cª±in the recessionDª±rising rapidly

23ª±Which of the following statements is true according to the text£¿¡£

Aª±The reason for the ECB¡®s unwilling to cut interest rates is inflation was actually expected to fall in Germany

Bª±In Germany consumer prices were falling

Cª±Last year¡®s oil prices dropping out of the yearª²onª²year calculation directly leads to the drop of inflation

Dª±The European Central Bank is willing to cut interest rate

24ª±ln this passage£¬the word¡°buoyant¡±in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to the word.

Aª±depressingBª±gloomyCª±activeDª±calm

25ª±lndustrial group Confindustria warned that.

Aª±the attacks on US targets lead to the comparatively lower growth

Bª±the growth had been well short of the government¡®s target

Cª±the budget deficit must be about 1.5%

Dª±the budget deficit will probably be great different from the country¡®s promise

Text 2

Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5¡«8 weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center which took place on September 11£¬2001. Almost oneª²third of the nearly 1£¬000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol£¬marijuana£¬or cigarettes following the September 11th attacks. The largest increase was in alcohol use. About oneª²fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11£»about 10% reported an increase in smoking£¬and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana.

The investigators found survey participants by randomly dialing New York City phone numbers and screened potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Center. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15£¬2001. Participants were asked about their cigarette smoking£¬alcohol drinking£¬and marijuana use habits before and after September 11. During the week prior to September 11£¬2001£¬22.6% of the participants reported smoking cigarettes£¬59.1% drinking alcohol£¬and 4.4% using marijuana. After September 11th£¬23.4% reported smoking cigarettes£¬64.4% drinking alcohol£¬and 5.7% smoking marijuana. Among those who smoked£¬almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol£¬more than 20% reported imbibing at least one extra drink a day.

The researchers found that people who reported an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suffer from postª²traumatic stress disorder£¨PTSD£©and from depression. People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both PTSD and depression£¬while those who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have depression only. Persons who were living closer to the World Trade Center were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking£¬but other factors such as being displaced from home£¬losing possessions during the attacks£¬or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consistently associated with increased substance use. Symptoms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances.

Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic factors such as age£¬marital status£¬and income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September 11th led to an increase in substance use.

26. The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use was .

Aª±alcoholBª±marijuanaCª±cigarettesDª±cocaine

27. The survey participants were .

Aª±randomly selected United States citizens

Bª±randomly selected New York City citizens

Cª±randomly selected Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center

Dª±randomly selected American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack

28. The author is trying to show that .

Aª±use of substances may vary from time to time

Bª±abuse of certain substances is harmful for health

Cª±the attack of september 11th has left incurable harm to people¬ðs mental health

Dª±terrorist attack increase anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents

29. What can be said about substance abuse after September 11£¿

Aª±People who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have PTSD.

Bª±People who were living closer to World Trade Center were most likely to increase cigarette smoking.

Cª±Displacement from home and involvement in rescue efforts were consistently associated with increased substance use.

Dª±Symptoms of panic attach were unrelated with increased use of substances.

30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph£¿

Aª±Demographic information such as gender£¬race and marital status was not collected.

Bª±Gender and race do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse.

Cª±Age and marital status do not make any difference on substance abuse.

Dª±Income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age.

Text 3

The entrepreneur£¬according to French economist J.B. Say£¬¡°is a person who shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and yield.¡±But Say¬ðs definition does not tell us who this entrepreneur is. Some define the entrepreneur simply as one who starts his or her own new and small business. For our purposes£¬we will define the entrepreneur as a person who takes the necessary risks to organize and manage a business and receives the financial profits and nonmonetary rewards.

The man who opens a small pizza restaurant is in business£¬but is he an entrepreneur£¿He took a risk and did something£¬but did he shift resources or start the business£¿If the answer is yes£¬then he is considered an entrepreneur. Ray Kroc is an example of an entrepreneur because he founded and established McDonald¬ðs. His hamburgers were not a new idea£¬but he applied new techniques£¬resource allocations£¬and organizational methods in his venture. Ray Kroc upgraded the productivity and yield from the resources applied to create his fastª²food chain. This is what entrepreneurs do£»this is what entrepreneurship means.

Many of the sharp£¬blackª²andª²white contrasts between the entrepreneur and the professional have faced to a gray color. Formerly£¬professionals such as doctors£¬lawyers£¬dentists£¬and accountants were not supposed to be entrepreneurial£¬aggressive£¬or market oriented. They were¡°above¡±the marketª²driven world. Entrepreneurs£¬on the other hand£¬were the mavericks of society. They were riskª²takers who aggressively sought to make something happen. Long hours were about all the two worlds had in common. However£¬increased competition£¬saturated markets£¬and a more priceª²conscious public have changed the world of the professionals. Today they need to market their skills£¬talents£¬and competencies£»Lawyers advertise their services. Doctors specialize in one form of surgery. Accounting firms join with other businesses£¨e.g.£¬consulting and law£©to serve clients.

Entrepreneurs exhibit many different behaviors£»searching for a specific personality pattern is very difficult. Some entrepreneurs are quiet£¬introverted£¬and analytical. On the other hand£¬some are brash£¬extroverted£¬and very emotional. many of them share some qualities. Viewing change as the norm£¬entrepreneurs usually search for it£¬respond to it£¬and treat it as an opportunity. An entrepreneur such as Ray Kroc of McDonald¬ðs is able to take resources and shift them to meet a need. Making the decision to shift resources works better if a person is creative£¬experienced£¬and confident.

31.According to the first paragraph£¬who can be regarded as an entrepreneur£¿

A.The CEO of a big company.

B.The owner of a profitable restaurant.

C.A man who started a new kind of business but eventually failed after 5 years because of some financial problems.

D.A successful salesman.

32.Which of the followings are necessary for an entrepreneur£¿

¢Ùa resource shifter¢Úone who starts a new business

¢Ûnonª²professional¢Ümoneyª²gaining

¢Ýa risk taker

A.¢Ù¢Ú¢ÛB.¢Ù¢Ú¢Ü¢ÝC.¢Ù¢Ú¢ÝD.¢Ù¢Ú¢Û¢Ü¢Ý

33.From the text£¬we learn that .

A.an entrepreneur should be very extroverted

B.an entrepreneur should be quick to seize opportunities

C.change is not norm in an entrepreneur¬ðs eyes

D.the French economist J.B. Say is the first person who gave the definition of¡°entrepreneur¡±

34.The purpose of the author in writing the passage is to .

A.complete the definition of entrepreneur

B.tell the readers what is entrepreneur and the main characteristics of entrepreneurs

C.show what kind of people can become entrepreneurs

D.illustrate why Ray Kroc can become an entrepreneur

35.What will most possibly follow the text£¿

A.An example of how an entrepreneur operates.

B.Another theory about entrepreneurship.

C.The bad effects of entrepreneurs.

D.The good effects of entrepreneurs.

Text 4

Modern technology and science have produced a wealth of new materials and new ways of using old materials.For the artist this means wider opportunities.There is no doubt that the limitations of materials and nature of tools both restrict and shape a man¡®s work.Observe how the development of plastics and light metals along with new methods of welding has changed the direction of sculpture.Transparent plastic materials allow one to look through an object£¬to see its various sides superimposed on each other£¨as in Cubism or in an Xª²ray£©¡£Today£¬welding is as prevalent as casting was in the past.This new method encourages open designs£¬where surrounding and intervening space becomes as important as form itself.

More ambiguous than other scientific inventions familiar to modern artists£¬but no less influential£¬are the psychoanalytic studies of Freud and his followers£¬discoveries that have infiltrated recent art£¬especially Surrealism.The Surrealists£¬in their struggle to escape the monotony and frustrations of everyday life£¬claimed that dreams were the only hope.Turning to the irrational world of their unconscious£¬they banished all time barriers and moral judgements to combine disconnected dream experiences from the past£¬present and intervening psychological states.The Surrealists were concerned with overlapping emotions more than with overlapping forms.Their paintings often become segmented capsules of associative experiences.For them£¬obsessive and often unrelated images replaced the direct emotional message of expressionism.They did not need to smash paint and canvas£»they went beyond this to smash the whole continuity of logical thought.

There is little doubt that contemporary art has taken much from contemporary life.In a period when science has made revolutionary strides£¬artists in their studios have not been unaware of scientists in their laboratories.But this has rarely been a oneª²way street.Painters and sculptors£¬though admittedly influenced by modern science£¬have also molded and changed our world.If breakª²up has been a vital part of their expression£¬it has not always been a symbol of destruction.Quite the contrary£ºit has been used to examine more fully£¬to penetrate more deeply£¬to analyze more thoroughly£¬to enlarge£¬isolate and make more familiar certain aspects of life that earlier we were apt to neglect.In addition£¬it sometimes provides rich multiple experiences so organized as not merely to reflect our world£¬but in fact to interpret it.

36.According to the passage£¬it is true that.

Aª±artistic creations seem to be the reproductions of modern technology

Bª±artistic creations have made great strides scientifically

Cª±artistic creations appear to be incapable of ignoring material advances

Dª±artistic creations are the reflection of the material world

37.The welding techniques.

Aª±can cause a lot of changes in sculpture arts

Bª±permit details of an object to be seen clearly

Cª±can superimpose multiple sides of sculptor¡®s designs

Dª±can make artists adaptable to be surroundings

38.We can learn from the text that Freud¡®s studies.

Aª±are more ambiguous than any other scientific invention

Bª±have influenced other scientific inventions

Cª±cause Surrealism

Dª±have infiltrated Surrealism

39.Which of the following is true about Surrealists£¿

Aª±They diminished all time barriers and moral judgements to combine disconnected dream experiences.

Bª±They tried to express their subconscious world.

Cª±They could transform real existence into incoherent dreams.

Dª±They wanted to substitute direct expressions for fragmented images.

40.The sentence¡°But this has rarely been a oneª²way street.¡±in the last paragraph means that.

Aª±contemporary art has been nourished by modern science

Bª±modern science has been nourished by art

Cª±artists can become scientists and scientists can become artists

Dª±the impacts of modern art and science are actually mutual