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Sample 4
Directions:
You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Nowadays, as the developments of society progress forward, especially the achievement in the economy and technology, but more and more problems appear. Among these problems, what is the worst belongs to the area of environment.
［A］ It is futile to adjust to the chemicals.
［B］ The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings.
［C］ We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without their consent and often without their knowledge.
［D］ During the past quarter century the power to influence the nature has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character（性质）.
［E］ The rapidity of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature.
［F］ It took hundreds of millions of years to produce the life that now inhabits the earth.
41
The new products come from our laboratories in an endless stream; almost five hundred annually find their way into actual use in the
42
Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts, and a balance has been reached. But in the modern world there is no time.
43
The most alarming of all man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable. In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world the very nature of its life. Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death.
44
To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only in the present century has one species man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.
45
Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom. The chemicals are the synthetic5 creations of man’s inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHET 2.(10 points)
People born in the autumn live longer than those born in the spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist.（46） Using census data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in the northern German town of Rostock found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a newborn baby and could influence its life expectancy in older age. （47）“A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer,” said Gabriele Doblhammer, one of a team of scientists who carried out the research. （48）“When she stops breastfeeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are prone to infections of the digestive system.” In Austria, adults born in autumn (October-December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April-June), and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. （49）In the southern hemisphere, the picture was similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn—the European spring—lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. （50）The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists, Doblhammer said.
Section Ⅲ Writing
51. Directions:
You have missed a date of your friend, now you have to write a letter for appologization in about 100 words. and do not need to write the address, you should use the name Li Ming.
52. Directions:
Now more people enjoy buying lottery tickets. Study the following picture carefully and write an article on the topic of Quality Control and Marketing. In your article, you should cover the following points:
（1）describe the phenomenon;
（2）analyze the phenomenon and give your comment on it.
You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
Section Ⅰ Use of English
1. B in return是固定短语，表示“作为回报”，文中的意思正是如果一个人有什么东西要卖，而有希望得到什么作为回报; by return of post 表示立刻回信, 没有on return 以及for return 的固定用法。
2. D 做买卖交易肯定是双方自愿的，所以应该选择willing，be willing to 表示“愿意”，capable 表示具有某种能力，be likely to 表示“可能”，此处不符合题意；be desirable of 表示“渴望得到”也不符合题意，所以正确答案为D。
3.C本题涉及到基本常识，在过去之所以产生商品买卖是因为个人手里有了多余的产品，所以此处应该选择C 项“多余的，剩余的”，surplus的用法经常表示产品或者资金的剩余；A表示“过度、无节制”；B项表示“另外的，不包括在内的”；D项表示“足够的”。
4.A此处是意思是表示变化巨大，形容这种状况的只有A项具有这种含义；B项“紧急的”；C项“虔诚的”；D项表示“恰巧的”。
5.A此处是表示时间的定语从句，应该选择A项，符合题意。
6.C该题所要表示的意思是二战中的情况致使货币失去本身的价值，所以此处的词不应该是褒义词，但是，A和D 项都由褒义的词性，B项表示“保持”不符合语境，因为前面没有提到过货币失去价值。
7.D此处的含义是被“加强，执行”；A项表示“鼓励”；B项表示“加大”；C项表示“忍受”，都不符合文章要求。
8.B resort to 表示“求助于”，二战中，货币已经不具有价值了，人们为了购买生活必须用品，就只好“求助于其他方法”，所以此处应该选择B；conform to 表示“一致”；commit to 表示“执行，做”；gear to 表示“使适合”。
9.B阅读文章，很容易理解前后两局之间的关系是转折关系，howevrer 的用法是前后都要使用逗号，所以只能选择B。
10.C 此处的含义应该是取消所有价格控制，C项具有“取消，消灭”的含义；A项表示“剥夺”；B项表示“刺激、促进”，对于价格控制不可能促进的；D项表示“限制”，限制也是不符合题意的，只有取消这种控制经济才可能发展，限制已经无法达到目的。
11.A前后是承接的关系，表示“所以”；B项的用法同however 一样，前后都需要使用逗号。所以正确答案为A。
12.D 根据上下文，货币经济应该代替物物交换经济，这是历史的必然，A项表示“交替，轮流”；B项表示“建立”，与前后关系不符；C项虽然也表示“代替，替换”，但是必须使用词组 substitute A for B。
13.D 本题涉及到经济学的某些常识，由于买和卖分离，在一定程度上促使了货币的产生，所以此处应该选择D 表示“分开，分离”，前三项都不符合题意要求。
14.B买和卖的分离就要求另一种物品来充当媒介，B项表示“需要，要求”，经常使用在这种语境中，例如，The emergency requires that it should be doneA项表示“承担”；C项表示“集中”；D项表示“执行”，
15.A参照14题可知，需要的是中间媒介，所以选择“A”，其他选项均不符合。
16.C在买和卖之间的这段之间，对于货币来说，人是暂时的拥有，所以选择C，其他三项与本题意无关。
17.Cinterim表示“中间的”，那么后面的介词必须是两者之间，所以选择between 。
18.D此处的含义是先卖，再买， 只有D项具有这种含义。
19.B表示只有先把自己的东西卖了，才能取得购买的能力，表示“取得”的含义也只有B项。A项表示“执行”；C项表示“超过”；D项表示“交换”。 都不符合题意。
20.Apay for 表示“付款”，为自己买的东西付款；B项pay off 表示“还清”；C项pay back 表示“还回”；D项表示“解款入”。
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