2008全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题（三）

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality，we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Bible is the expression “an eye for an eye，and a tooth for a tooth.” That is，the individual who has done wrong has committed an offense against society. 46) To make repayment for this offense，society must get equally balanced，which can be done only by imposing an equal injury upon him. 47) This conception of deserved-punishment justice is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modern times，which is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who has committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel，who believed that society owed it to the criminal to put into operation a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. 48) The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will eliminate this denial and restore the self that has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his own life will pay his debt. The demand for the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him what he deserves.

　　Modern jurists have tried to replace deserved-punishment justice with the notion of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize the best that is in him. 49) The criminal is regarded as being socially ill and in need of treatment that will enable him to become a normal member of society. Before a treatment can be put into operation，the cause of his antisocial behavior must be found. If the cause can be removed，provisions must be made to have this done. Only those criminals who are incurable should be permanently separated from the rest of society. This does not mean that criminals will escape punishment or be quickly returned to take up careers of crime. It means that justice is to heal the individual，not simply to get even with him. If severe punishment is the only adequate means for accomplishing this，it should be administered. 50) However，the individual should be given every opportunity to assume a normal place in society，and his conviction of crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.

　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　Write a letter to your professor, making an apology for the delayed return of the issues of U.S. business magazine you borrowed from him a month ago.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

　　Do not write the address.(10 points)

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the cartoon,

　　2) interpret its main idea,and

　　3) propose possible solutions.You should write about 160～200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

　　答案速查

　　1~5DBCAA

　　11~15BDCAC6~10DBCDA

　　16~20BDACB21~25DBACB

　　31~35CDCBA26~30DCCAB

　　36~40BCADC41~45CEDGA

　　答案与解析：

　　Model Test 8

　　Section Ⅰ Use of English

　　1. ［答案］ \[B\] for

　　［解析］ 名词use可与不同介词搭配表示不同意义：“for...use only”(仅供……用)，in use(在使用着)，of use(有用)，put...to use(利用……)等。根据句意，只能选用［B］。

　　2. ［答案］ \[C\] point

　　［解析］ 由“from...on”(从……时起)可知，［C］构成“此刻”(＝now)为当然答案。

　　［A］“时期”，［B］“事例”，［D］“事件”，皆不适用。

　　3. ［答案］ \[D\] alert

　　［解析］ 由句意和介词on判断，［D］“警惕；戒备”最合适：be on the highest alert：保持高度警惕。

　　［A］“准备”和［B］“防御”通常用介词in,［C］“守卫”(on guard 意为“在岗上”)，均不可取。

　　4. ［答案］ \[A\] recognize

　　［解析］ 此空位于修饰“vehicle”的定语从句中，据上下文推断，［A］“认识”最合逻辑。

　　［B］“辨别”，［C］“识别”，［D］“觉察”，均不合句意。

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