首页 - 网校 - 万题库 - 美好明天 - 直播 - 导航
热点搜索
学员登录 | 用户名
密码
新学员
老学员
您现在的位置: 考试吧 > 考研 > 考研模拟试题 > 考研英语模拟试题 > 综合辅导 > 正文

2010年考研英语高分冲刺模拟试题六套(四)

来源:张剑 2009-12-11 10:00:56 要考试,上考试吧! 考研万题库

  Part C

  Directions:

  Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

  Economics, as we know it, is the social science concerned with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. Economists focus on the way in which individuals, groups, business enterprises, and governments seek to achieve efficiently any economic objective they select. (46) Other fields of study also contribute to this knowledge: Psychology and ethics try to explain how objectives are formed, history records changes in human objectives, and sociology interprets human behavior in social contexts.

  Standard economics can be divided into two major fields. (47)  The first, price theory or microeconomics, explains how the interplay of supply and demand in competitive markets creates a multitude of individual prices, wage rates, profit margins, and rental changes.  Microeconomics assumes that people behave rationally. Consumers try to spend their income in ways that give them as much pleasure as possible. As economists say, they maximize utility. For their part, entrepreneurs seek as much profit as they can extract from their operations.

  The second field, macroeconomics, deals with modern explanations of national income and employment. Macroeconomics dates from the book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1935), by the British economist John Maynard Keynes. His explanation of prosperity and depression centers on the total or aggregate demand for goods and services by consumers, business investors, and governments, (48)  Because, according to Keynes, inadequate total demand increases unemployment, the indicated cure is either more investment by businesses or more spending and consequently larger budget deficits by government.

  Economic issues have occupied people’s minds throughout the ages. (49) Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wrote about problems of wealth, property, and trade, both of whom were prejudiced against commerce, feeling that to live by trade was undesirable.The Romans borrowed their economic ideas from the Greeks and showed the same contempt for trade. (50)  During the Middle Ages the economic ideas of the Roman Catholic church were expressed in the law of the church, which condemned the taking of interest for money loaned and regarded commerce as inferior to agriculture.

  Economics as a subject of modern study, distinguishable from moral philosophy and politics, dates from the work, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), by the Scottish philosopher and economist Adam Smith. Mercantilism and physiocracy were precursors of the classical economics of Smith and his 19th-century successors.

  答案

  46.其他领域的研究也有助于对此的理解:心理学和伦理学试图解释目标是如何形成的,历史记录着人们所追求的目标的变化,社会学则从社会环境的角度来解释人们的行为。

  47.第一个领域,价格理论或微观经济学,解释在竞争的市场中供需间的相互作用是怎样导致了大量的个别价格、工资率、利润空间和租金的变化。

  48.因为,按照凯恩斯的理论,不充分的总体需求会增加失业,建议的解决方式是企业扩大投资或政府增加开支,继而增加预算赤字。

  49.古希腊的亚里士多德和柏图都在著作中谈到财富、财产和贸易问题,两人都对商业持有偏见,认为靠生意来谋生是不足取的。

  50.在中世纪,罗马天主教会的经济学思想表达在其教法中,教法谴责从借贷中获利的行为,并认为商业地位劣于农业。

  总体分析

  本文主要介绍了经济学的研究发展历史。

  第一段:经济学的定义及研究对象。

  第二、三段:经济学的两大领域:微观经济学和宏观经济学。

  第四、五段:经济学研究的古代和现代理论。

  相关推荐:历年考研英语试题命题特点及规律分析汇总
       Exam8视线:文都名师指导2010年考研英语冲刺
       2010年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟题分类汇编
文章搜索
万题库小程序
万题库小程序
·章节视频 ·章节练习
·免费真题 ·模考试题
微信扫码,立即获取!
扫码免费使用
考研英语一
共计364课时
讲义已上传
53214人在学
考研英语二
共计30课时
讲义已上传
5495人在学
考研数学一
共计71课时
讲义已上传
5100人在学
考研数学二
共计46课时
讲义已上传
3684人在学
考研数学三
共计41课时
讲义已上传
4483人在学
推荐使用万题库APP学习
扫一扫,下载万题库
手机学习,复习效率提升50%!
版权声明:如果考研网所转载内容不慎侵犯了您的权益,请与我们联系800@exam8.com,我们将会及时处理。如转载本考研网内容,请注明出处。
官方
微信
扫描关注考研微信
领《大数据宝典》
下载
APP
下载万题库
领精选6套卷
万题库
微信小程序
帮助
中心
文章责编:zhangyuqiong