Section II Cloze (10 points)

　　Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. You should write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET。

　　If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain __37__ consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family __38__ he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance __39__ the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to __40__ old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to __41__ the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation __42__ and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be __43__. He must either sell some of his property or __44__ extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low __45__ of interest, but loans of this kind are not __46__ obtainable。

　　37. [A] other than [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than

　　38. [A] only if [B] much as [C] long before [D] ever since

　　39. [A] for [B] against [C] of [D] towards

　　40. [A] replace [B] purchase [C] supplement [D] dispose

　　41. [A] enhance [B] mix [C] feed [D] raise

　　42. [A] vessels [B] routes [C] paths [D] channels

　　43. [A] self-confident [B] self-sufficient [C] self-satisfied [D] self-restrained

　　44. [A] search [B] save [C] offer [D] seek

　　45. [A] proportion [B] percentage [C] rate [D] ratio

　　46. [A] genuinely [B] obviously [C] presumably [D] frequently

　　Section III Reading Comprehension (24 points)

　　Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil。

　　Text 1

　　Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get。”

　　Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things。

　　You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served。

　　Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services。

　　This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, you could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner。

　　When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now。

　　47. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get。”?

　　[A] You’ll certainly get what you want。

　　[B] It’s no use dreaming。

　　[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have。

　　[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself。

　　48. [A] blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________。

　　[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job

　　[B] an indication of how to secure a good job

　　[C] a guideline for job description

　　[D] a principle for job evaluation

　　49. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because ________。

　　[A] that is the first step to please the employer

　　[B] that is the requirement of the employer

　　[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services

　　[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself

　　50. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something ________。

　　[A] definite to offer

　　[B] imaginary to provide

　　[C] practical to supply

　　[D] desirable to present

　　Text 2

　　Personality is to a large extent inherent—A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children。

　　One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the ‘win at all costs’ moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!”

　　By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful。

　　Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s. The world needs A types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management。

　　If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged。

　　51. According to the passage, A-type individuals are usually ________。

　　[A] impatient

　　[B] considerate

　　[C] aggressive

　　[D] agreeable

　　52. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because ________。

　　[A] the pressure is too great on the students

　　[B] some students are bound to fail

　　[C] failure rates are too high

　　[D] the results of exanimations are doubtful

　　53. The selection of medical professionals is currently based on ________。

　　[A] candidates’ sensitivity

　　[B] academic achievements

　　[C] competitive spirit

　　[D] surer values

　　54. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ________。

　　[A] the personality of a child is well established at birth

　　[B] family influence dominates the shaping of one’s characteristics

　　[C] the development of one’s personality is due to multiple factors

　　[D] B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society

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