4 碰到不认识的生词怎么办？ 考生最害怕在阅读中碰到生词，而在阅读时，遇到生僻的单词是不可避免的。如果一见到生词就不知所措，就必然会影响到对文章的理解。如果遇到这种情况，可以根据情况用不同的方法来解决问题。要是不认识的生词对理解文章的关系不大，就可以跳过去不管它；譬如这样一例：Some birds can swim on the water. A few, like the penguin and puffin, can also swim under water. 我们只需知道penguin 和puffin是两种鸟就行了，不必将它们的具体名称弄个一清二楚。
阅读中经常会遇到一些专有名词（包括人名、地名、组织机构名称等），一般都可以不作计较，必要的时候，用X、Y的字母代替它们就行了。以2003年阅读Text 4为例，文章出现了若干复杂的人名、职务名：Colorado governor Richard Lamm, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone, Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, C. Everett Koop，而且后面的提问与其中的一个人有关，我们分别记为Mr. L, Mr. R, Mr. O, Mr. K 即可，这样便省去了不必要的纠缠。
当然，如果遇到的生词影响到了你对文章的理解，特别是作为考点出现在问题里，就要试着根据上下文、构词法或从句中认识的词中去猜测生词的意思，尽可能通过邻近你所熟悉的词的关系来了解该词在句中的作用和词义。如2003年阅读Part B 中的"Anthropology"一词，要求翻译出来。虽说超纲了，但根据构词法和上下文其含义已经解释得十分清楚："Anthropology" derives from the Greek words anthropos "human" and logos "the study of." 由此我们得知 "Anthropology"一词源于希腊词语anthropos（人类）和 logos（…研究）。要是还没有把握，再多看一句就更万无一失了：By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.（用这一名称，“人类学”包括了对整个人类的研究。）
翻译与语言知识运用的答题技巧见05年真题讲解 附：05年真题 Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)
The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.
The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while
2. ［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D］besides
3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined
4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［C］missing ［D］tracking
5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore
6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if
7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecting
8. ［A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffused
9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas
10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical
11. ［A］signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impulses
12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times
13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］exposed
14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insufficient
15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create
16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwise ［D］nevertheless
17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired
18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice
19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable ［C］identifiable［D］suitable
20. ［A］similar to ［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from
