水木艾迪：考研英语阅读理解冲刺之新题型

    新题型二：段落排序题

    段落排序题的测试要点是：理解文章结构，主要考查考生把握篇章结构的能力，要求考生在阅读各个段落时要把握它们的中心大意，并且将各段的段落大意整合，理清它们之间的逻辑顺序，然后按照文章的内容和结构进行排序。

    解题步骤：
　　1.首先读文章中指定的首尾段，了解文章的主要内容,并以此为基础判断文章基本的逻辑关系。注意首段的最后几句可能给出的线索。
　　2.通读其余五段，留意各段中富有暗示性的词语或句子 不要忽视在各段中出现频率比较高的词汇，它们经常是解题的关键所在。

3．将每一段的大意做中文标注。
　　4.初步排列五个段落 结合各段所给的暗示以及上下文的逻辑关系进一步调整各段顺序。给在各段的关键词或重复出现的词标注下来，尤其注意可能出现相同词语或有明显逻辑词语相连接的上下两段话。
　　5.最后的确认 把排列好顺序的文章通读一遍，从整体上对段落的顺序进行最后的确认。注意检查段与段之间的内容与结构是否符合逻辑的发展。

    例：

    Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order for Questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points) 

［A］“I just don’t know how to motivate them to do a better job. We’re in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, we’ll probably have to lay some people off in the near future. It’s hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isn’t －it’s boring, routine paperwork, and there isn’t much you can do about it. 

［B］“Finally, I can’t say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know it’s not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their career it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed. 

［C］“I’ve got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat, They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies. 

［D］“Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion. However, we know that’s not fair－too many other things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.” 

［E］“The problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor. 

［F］“So I just don’t know What to do. I’ve been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.” 
［G］A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city. At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation－how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.