考研英语阅读理解命题思路透析和真题揭秘(36)

　　2005年Text 3

　　Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line". And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, "It's your dream" says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. "If you don't like it, change it."

　　Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams occur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, the limbic system (the "emotional brain")is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy of depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day" says Stanford sleep researcher Dr, William Dement.

　　The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events-until, it appears, we begins to dream.

　　And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead, the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.

　　At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of "we wake u in a panic, "Cartwright says Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.

　　31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams

　　[A] can be modified in their courses.

　　[B] are susceptible to emotional changes.

　　[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears.

　　[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs.

　　[答案] A

　　[解题思路]

　　本文所对应的信息在文章第一段，"one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control"(这些极其强烈的精神事件不仅可以得到利用，而且还能受到有意识的控制)、"If you don't like it, change it"(如果你不喜欢它，那就改变它)这些句子都说明梦是可以被改变的，而A选项中的modify这个词时change的同义词。B、C、D选项的表述都与第一段的重点内容无关，均可排除。

　　[题目译文]

　　研究者现在相信梦

　　[A] 可以在进行过程中得到改变

　　[B] 容易受到情感变化的影响

　　[C] 反映了我们内心深处的欲望和恐惧

　　[D] 是神经修复的随机结果

　　33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to

　　[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind.

　　[B] develop into happy dreams.

　　[C] persist till the time we fall asleep.

　　[D] show up in dreams early at night.

　　[答案] D

　　[解题思路]

　　本文的对应信息在文章第三段第二句话，"Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening"(大多数人在前半夜似乎会更容易做恶梦，等到快睡醒前就逐渐变为较愉快的梦)，因此A和C选项的表述显然是不对的。至于B选项，文中说上半夜的梦是恶梦，只有会变得happier，这个是相对于原来的恶梦而言的，说明梦境内容开始好转，但并不意味着就是一个好梦。而D选项完全符合文中的意思。

　　[题目译文]

　　白天产生的负面感情往往会

　　[A] 在我们的潜意识中进一步恶化

　　[B] 发展成好梦

　　[C] 持续到我们入睡

　　[D] 在上半夜出现

　　35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?

　　[A] lead your life as usual.

　　[B] Seek professional help.

　　[C]. Exercise conscious control.

　　[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.

　　[答案] A

　　[解题思路]

　　题目要求判断给那些偶尔做梦的人的建议，而不是长期受恶梦困扰的人，因此其对应信息为文章的最后一句话"For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning"(而至于其他人，大脑自有它自己化解不好情绪的办法。放心地睡觉--或者做梦--早上醒来时你会感觉好一些)，有时做梦的人就是，而建议就是顺其自然，不用寻求医疗或者有意识地控制、也不及焦虑，白天继续工作就可以了，因此正确答案为A。

　　[题目译文]

　　Cartwright 会给那些有时候做恶梦的人们怎样的建议?

　　[A] 照常工作

　　[B] 寻求专业帮助

　　[C] 进行有意识的控制

　　[D] 避免白天时候的焦虑

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