历年考研英语试题命题特点及规律(写作B部分)

　　(五)短文写作中的经典语义过渡的模式以及必备句型

　　考研英语写作的题材多数同我们日常生活相关，通常涉及事物间的比较，要求说明其相似性、相异性和事物之间的因果关系;有时要求考生分析事实，找出原因或解决问题的方法，或对一个问题提出个人看法等。所以考生在复习写作时，要尽可能熟悉和掌握表达这些关系的常用句型，这将对提高写作能力有较大帮助。

　　1.表示相似性的句型

　　①Moral corruption(A)is to the State(B)as physical disease(C)is to an individual body(D).(A之于B犹如C之于D)

　　②Just as woods are indispensable to birds，so is the earth to human beings.(正如…，…也如此)

　　③As far as personality is concerned，Tom (A) and Peter (B) have almost everything in common.(A和B有共同之处)

　　④My hobby (A) is similar to his (B) in that we both like collecting records，foreign and domestic. (A与B相似)

　　⑤As the economies of all countries are closely interrelated no country can develop in self-seclusion. The same is true of China. (The same is true of. The same can be said of... 也是如此)

　　2.表示相异性的句型

　　①Beijing (A) is populous and crowded，while Canberra (B) is just the opposite.(A与B正相反)

　　②China’s condition (A) differs from ours (B) in that China has the largest population in the world. (A不同于B在于)

　　③While it may be true that basketball and volleyball share certain features，the excitement each arouses in the spectators is not the same.(…是不相同的)

　　3.表示权衡性的句型

　　①It seems safe to say that the advantages of marriage outweigh the disadvantages of divorce.(利大于弊)

　　②Perhaps nothing can rival the pleasure from reading. (…是无与伦比的)

　　③There could be no doubt that job-hopping has its drawbacks as well as merits.(既有优点也有缺点)

　　④Men (A)may be superior to women(B) in physical affairs. Yet，there is no difference in intelligence.(A优于B)

　　⑤People’s attitude towards drugs varies from person to person.(…是因人而异的)

　　4.表示过渡性的句型(承上启下，使新观点不至于显得突兀、武断)

　　①Some people argue as if it is a general truth that ，I cannot agree with them for the following reasons.. But to be frank

　　②According to/As can be seen in figures/statistics /the findings/data released/provided by the government/an institute， .

　　③There are several/many causes/reasons for this dramatic/significant growth/change/decline/increase in .

　　④There are no less than three advantages in as rendered below.

　　⑤The reasons are chiefly as follows .

　　⑥Another reason why I advocate the attitude of is that.

　　⑦Last but not least， .

　　⑧What is more， .

　　5.表示倍数与比例关系的句型

　　近年来图表作文经常出现，考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表、分析和表达数据间的倍数和比例关系：

　　①Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven Continents.Europe is second to Asia in population，but in area it is the last but one.

　　②We all hope that a country’s population should be in proportion to its area, unfortunately the reality often goes against our will.

　　③A is a far larger university，being over three times as big as B.

　　6.引用图表内容时的过渡句型

　　图表式作文经常使用as从句做解释性描述的过渡，它的运用，可以使短文由图画的说明解释，陡然一转，由客观说到主观，由一般说到个体，过渡自然。

　　①This picture shows ， ，as we can see in the upper half of the picture. However，the lower half of the picture shows that .. At the beginning

　　②As is revealed in the graph .

　　③As the survey results show .

　　④As we could find out later in this unit，his plan was not quite as he had expected.

　　⑤This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities.As can be indicated in the table，the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34 500 square meters，which nearly doubled the B’s corresponding figure.

　　7.描述图表常用的概括性句型

　　这种句子通常用于开篇和结尾。

　　①This table provides，several important points of comparison between the two key universities.

　　②The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways. The first diagram simply records . The second graph throws a new light on .

　　③The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows： .

　　④If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety，the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1998.

　　8.引论或得出结论的句型

　　①As the proverb goes，“ ”. It is quite understandable that .

　　②Along with the development of society more and more problems are brought to our attention，one of which is that .

　　③Admittedly，there are merits to both sides of the argument.

　　④Contrary to widely held belief，I believe that .

　　⑤Now，it is commonly believed /some people think that ，but I wonder whether .

　　9.表示转折的句型

　　①On the surface of it，this may seem to be a good solution，but if thinking again，we would point out some drawbacks.

　　②At first thought，it may seem to be an attractive idea，but it does not bear closer analysis when we find .

　　③Superficially，it seems to be a sound solution，but when carefully weighing in the mind，we find that .

　　④A close inspection of these arguments would reveal how flimsy they are.

　　⑤The undeniable deficiency in this remark is that it is negligent of the bare fact that .

　　⑥However，we also cannot deny that .

　　10.表示解释、分析、引申的句型

　　①One very strong argument for is that .

　　②It is an obvious fact that .

　　③One of the most important things about is that .

　　④A particularly notable case of this matter is .

　　⑤We may look into every possible reason，however，foremost reason for is .

　　⑥is mainly/ partly/ also responsible for the rise/increase/ decrease in .

　　⑦We may cite/quote/mention a single/common example of .

　　⑧A recent/nationwide study/survey/poll conducted/ taken at a university/ by scientists indicates/reveals/ suggests that .

　　⑨Of course，this will have some negative effects on .

　　⑩ is a case in point.

　　11.表示得出结论的句型

　　①From what has been discussed above，we may safely draw the conclusion that .

　　②Taking into account all these factors，we may safely reach the conclusion that .

　　③Judging from all evidence offered，we may safely come to the conclusion that .

　　④All the evidence/analysis supports a (an) sound/ unshakable/just conclusion/ view that .

　　12.表示建议、采取行动的句型

　　①It is necessary/ essential that effective actions/ quick steps/ proper measures should be taken to prevent the situation/ correct tendency / end phenomenon.

　　②There is little doubt that serious/ considerable/ special attention must be called /paid /devoted to the problem /shortage of .

　　③It is high time that we placed/put great/special/considerable emphasis on theimprovement/ development /increase of .