2010年考研英语冲刺阶段高分突破完全攻略

　　新东方2010考研英语阅读精读100篇(高分版)

　　新东方2010考研英语阅读精读100篇(高分版)TEXT TWELVE

　　A line of water bottles that had become a symbol of environmental responsibility has been removed from the shelves of Canada's leading outdoor gear retailer over concerns about a chemical used in its manufacture.

　　The Mountain Equipment Co-op, which is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, removed the bottles, sold under the brand name Nalgene, and other polycarbonate containers from its 11 large-scale stores on Wednesday. The retailer said that it would not restock the bottles, which are made by Nalge Nunc International in Rochester, a unit of Thermo Fisher Scientific, until Health Canada completed a review of bisphenol-a, or B.P.A., a chemical used to make hard, transparent plastics as well as liners for food cans. ''We've been following the B.P.A. issue for at least three years,'' said Tim Southam, a spokesman for Mountain Equipment. ''The decision we've taken this week does not mean that polycarbonate products will never return to our stores. We're just seeking some certainty about this chemical.''

　　Church and environmental groups in Canada have mounted campaigns against bottled water because of concerns about the huge amount of plastic used in containers. As a result, the reusable Nalgene bottles have become ubiquitous on college campuses and elsewhere.

　　Polycarbonate plastic, which can only be produced by using B.P.A., creates bottles that are transparent and almost as hard as glass, but particularly shatter-resistant. Recently, however, the use of B.P.A.-based plastics in food containers has been questioned in Canada by Environmental Defence , a Toronto-based group. Environmentalists in the United States are also raising concerns about the chemical. Last year, San Francisco's board of governors passed a local law banning the use of the chemical in children's products. B.P.A. was removed from the ordinance before it went into effect, however, after an industry lawsuit. Critics point to studies dating back to 1936 showing that the chemical can disrupt the hormonal system.

　　While there is little dispute about that, the plastics industry, supported by several studies from government agencies in Japan, North America and Europe, contends that polycarbonate bottles contain very little of the chemical and release only insignificant amounts of B.P.A. into the bodies of users. ''Rarely has a chemical been the subject of such intense scientific testing and scrutiny, and still, important agencies across the globe agree that there is no danger posed to humans from polycarbonate bottles,'' Tom Cummins, the director of research and development at Nalge Nunc, said in a statement.

　　Rick Smith, the executive director of Environmental Defence, said that a paper published by 38 scientists after a government-sponsored conference in the United States found that the lack of research on the effects of B.P.A. on humans was a concern that required further investigation. Steven G. Hentges, the executive director of the American Chemistry Council's polycarbonate group, takes issue with that report's worries and points to a separate expert panel report published by the United States Department of Health and Human Services last month. In its 396-page report, which looked only at the impact of B.P.A. on reproduction, the panel said it had ''negligible concern'' about the chemical's effect on adult reproductive systems but raised some concerns about its impact on children and pregnant women.

　　1. The word “ubiquitous” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____

　　[A] omnipresent.

　　[B] popular.

　　[C] common.

　　[D] usual.

　　2.Which one of the following statements is TURE of the local law passed by San Francisco's board of governors?

　　[A] This law forbade the use of B.P.A. in food containers for children.

　　[B] This law was not enforced because of an industry lawsuit that was against the use of B.P.A.

　　[C] This law was revised to allow B.P.A. be used in children’s products.

　　[D] This law went into effect before B.P.A. was removed.

　　3. According to Tom Cummins, which one of the following is NOT true of B.P.A.?

　　[A] B.P.A. is rarely tested and scrutinized so intensely.

　　[B] The testing and scrutiny done to the other chemical are no comparison with that to B.P.A.

　　[C] That Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. are not dangerous to humans is supported by multiple evidence.

　　[D] Polycarbonate bottles containing B.P.A. can be used safely by humans.

　　4.From the separate expert panel report it can be inferred that

　　[A] B.S.A. has no effect on reproduction.

　　[B] B.S.A. has trifling impact on children and pregnant women.

　　[C] B.S.A. has trifling impact on adult reproductive systems.

　　[D] B.S.A. has great effect on reproduction.

　　5. The author’s attitude to the use of Nalgene bottles is _____

　　[A] negative.

　　[B] positive.

　　[C] biased.

　　[D] unclear.

　　文章剖析：

　　这篇文章介绍了聚碳酸酯瓶被撤事件及相关原因。第一段、第二段介绍了聚碳酸酯瓶被商家撤柜的情况;第三段讲述该瓶子兴盛起来的原因;第四段讲述人们对制造这种瓶子的化学物质B.P.A的一些担忧;第五段、第六段分别列出一些认为这种瓶子对人类没有危害的研究和评论。

　　词汇注释：

　　polycarbonate n.聚碳酸酯

　　ubiquitous adj.到处存在的

　　shatter-resistant adj. 防摔的

　　disrupt v.使瓦解, 破坏

　　难句突破：

　　(1) The retailer said that it would not restock the bottles, which are made by Nalge Nunc International in Rochester, a unit of Thermo Fisher Scientific, until Health Canada completed a review of bisphenol-a, or B.P.A., a chemical used to make hard, transparent plastics as well as liners for food cans.

　　[主体句式] The retailer said that it would not …until…

　　[结构分析] 这是一个简单句，宾语从句比较复杂。该宾语从句为带有时间状语从句的复杂句;该从句中，宾语bottles后有一个以which引导的非限定性定语从句，在该定语从句中，a unit…是前面Nalge Nunc International的同位语;在时间状语从句中，a chemical used …是前面B.P.A的同位语。

　　[句子译文] 该零售商称不会再重新进这些瓶子，直到“健康加拿大”完成了双酚a(即B.P.A.)的调查后再予以考虑。这些瓶子的制造商下属于Thermo Fisher Scientific位于罗彻斯特的Nalge Nunc国际制造。双酚a 是一种用于制造透明高硬度塑料及食物罐镶条的化学物质。

　　(2) Rick Smith, the executive director of Environmental Defence, said that a paper published by 38 scientists after a government-sponsored conference in the United States found that the lack of research on the effects of B.S.A. on humans was a concern that required further investigation.

　　[主体句式] Rick Smith said that a paper found that…

　　[结构分析]这是一个简单句，有一个复杂的宾语从句;主语Rick Smith带有一个同位语the executive director of …;在宾语从句中，a paper后面是一个过去分词短语作它的定语，在从句的宾语从句中的宾语后面有一个that 引导的定语从句。

　　[句子译文] “环境防卫”执行理事Rich Smith称美国38名科学家在一次政府资助的会议结束后发表了一篇论文，该论文指出B.S.A.对人类的影响方面的研究不足，需要进一步的调查。

　　历年考研英语真题及答案【下载】

　　2010年考研英语冲刺阶段高分突破完全攻略

　　新东方2010考研英语阅读精读100篇(高分版)