(4) 过渡句型

　　a. 承上启下，使新观点不致显得过于突兀、武断

　　It is true that most jobs are a series of more or less unpleasant chores, but it doesn’t follow that that’s all they are.

　　That is true, no doubt, but it is not his whole story by any means.

　　It is fairly well known that Vitamin C is indispensable to health. But it is probably less well known that taking it excessively may do harm to the human body.

　　This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.

　　b.引用图表内容时的过渡句型。图表作文经常使用as 从句做解释性描述的过渡。

　　As is revealed in the graph, …

　　As the survey results show, …

　　As we could find out later in this unit, his plan was not quite as he had expected.

　　This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities. As can be indicated in the table, the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34 500 square meters, which nearly doubled the B’s corresponding figure.

　　（5）描写曲线走势的常用句型。曲线的走势可用上升、下降、保持平稳、有所波动等用语来描述：

　　Before 1970 the birth rate remained level. Then in 1970 it fell till it reached 30 per thousand.

　　The birth rate in this region rocketed to the highest peak in 1963.

　　Although prices fluctuated between 1962 and 1972, overall the trend was downward.

　　The economy went up and down in a zigzag way.

　　After a steady decline for a whole decade the country’s fertility rate shows signs of leveling off.

　　(6)描述图表常用的概括性句型

　　这种句子通常用于文章或段落的开头和结尾：

　　This table provides several interesting points of comparison between A and B.

　　The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways. The first diagram simply records… The second graph throws a new light on…

　　The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:…

　　If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety, the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1991.

　　有些作文的出题形式是图表。因此考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表，分析和表达数据间的倍数和比例关系。

　　Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven continents. Europe is second to Asia in population, but in area it is the last but one.

　　We all hope that a country’s population should be in proportion to its area. Unfortunately, the reality often goes against our will.

　　And in August as many as 39 car accidents were recorded, indicating an increase of about 79 percent as compared with the number of January.

　　A is by far the largest university, being over three times as big as B.

　　“time”常用来表达倍数，总结其搭配，大致有如下几种：

　　as large as

　　the size (volume, etc.) of

　　that of

　　over that of

　　倍数+times+ greater (形容词比较级) than

　　as against

　　3 times as large as 比……大两倍(是……的3倍)

　　3 times the size (volume, etc.) of 是……3倍大(比……大两倍)

　　17 times that of 是……的17倍(比……多16倍)

　　17 times over that of (for) 是……的17倍 (比……多16倍)

　　17 times greater 增加了16倍 (是……的17倍)

　　3 times as against 为……的3倍

　　twice/thrice as much as 是……的2/3倍

　　在表达倍数时，还可用“倍数+fold”，比如：

　　Between 1999 and 2002, the industrial output value of our city was up 8-fold.(在1999年到2002年这段时间，我市的工业总产值增长了7倍/为原来的8倍。)

　　此外，表达整数倍数的还有：double(两倍、翻一番)、more than doubled(超过两倍)、treble/triple(增至三倍、使增加两倍)、quadruple(翻两番)。

　　表达分数或小数倍数的有：

　　16.5% higher than(比……高出16.5%)

　　18% above that of the same period last year(比去年同期增加18%)

　　24% less (fewer) than(比……少了24%)

　　up 5.6 times(增加5.6倍)

　　go up by 23% (增长了23%)

　　reduce by 18% (减少了18%)

　　reduce to less (fewer) than (减少了不到……)

　　rise by 5.2% compared with the same period of last year(与去年同期相比上升5.2%)

　　register a 37% increase (decrease) (增长/减少37%)

　　increase by 54% over (on, above, as against) the last year(比去年增长了54%)

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