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　　你了解“金砖国家”吗? 翻译需要掌握这些!

　　China will host the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on September 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2017.

　　2017年9月3日至5日，第九届金砖国家峰会将在中国厦门举办。

　　16年前，一位经济学家的创新提法让世界注意到金砖国家的实力与潜力，今天就为你深入解读这块不可小觑的“砖”。

　　BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" (or "the BRICs"), before the induction of South Africa in 2010.

　　BRICS(金砖国家)是巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非这五大新兴国家经济体的首字母缩写。最初在2010年将南非归入金砖国家之前，前四个国家被归为“BRIC”或者“the BRICs”(金砖四国)。

　　How did BRICS start?

　　金砖国家是怎么来的?

　　16 years ago, Jim O’Neill, the former chief economist for Goldman Sachs, coined the term BRIC in a paper entitled “Building Better Global Economic BRICs”. In late 2010, South Africa joined the group, adding an “S” to the acronym. The name would prove to carry a lot more weight as time went on.

　　16年前，“金砖四国”这个词是高盛前首席经济学家吉姆·奥尼尔在一篇题为《世界经济需要更好的经济之砖》的论文中创造出来的。2010年末，南非的加入为金砖四国的缩写增加了一个“S”。时间将会见证“金砖国家”发挥越来越重要的作用。

　　In June 2009, leaders from Brazil, Russia, India and China held their first formal meeting in the Russian city of Yekaterinburg. There they set up the foundation of what would be known as BRIC. Since then, an annual summit has been held in each country.

　　2009年6月，来自巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国的领导人在俄罗斯叶卡捷林堡举行了首次正式会晤，形成了金砖四国的基础。自此，每个成员国都会举办一年一度的峰会。

　　In 2011, with South Africa participating as an official member for the first time, the third BRICS summit was held in Sanya, China. The five countries outlined the parameters for future economic cooperation in a paper known as the Sanya Declaration.

　　2011年，南非首次以正式成员国的身份参加了在中国三亚举办的第三届金砖国家峰会，会上五个成员国在《三亚宣言》中规划了未来经济合作的框架。

　　China will host the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on September 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2017.

　　2017年9月3日至5日，第九届金砖国家峰会将在中国厦门举办。

　　What has BRICS achieved?

　　金砖国家取得了哪些成就?

　　After ten years of development, BRICS has helped unite five single countries to become a shining representative for emerging economies, leading growth in developing countries and contributing to global economic governance.

　　历经十年的发展，金砖五国已成为新兴经济体的杰出代表，引领着发展中国家的经济增长，并为全球经济治理作出贡献。

　　Growth is the touchstone of BRICS. The five countries' share in global GDP increased from about 12 percent to 23 percent in the past decade while contributing to more than half of global growth.

　　经济增长是金砖国家的试金石。过去十年中，这五个国家在全球GDP中的占比从12%左右上升到了23%，对全球经济增长的贡献超过一半。

　　Cooperation in economic and political fields has been a major theme of BRICS development. The BRICS Development Bank is another pioneering innovation that further boosts economic integration among Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

　　经济与政治领域的合作一直是金砖国家发展的重要主题。金砖国家开发银行是进一步促进巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非经济一体化的又一开拓性创举。

　　The main theme of the next decade will be a stronger partnership featuring more concrete cooperation in a string of fields.

　　接下来十年的主要目标是在各领域进行更具体的合作，强化合作伙伴关系。

　　Building on the success of the past ten years, the BRICS now eyes starting a new decade with a more expansive partnership to seek inclusive growth.

　　在过去十年成就的基础上，金砖国家正着眼于更广泛的合作伙伴关系，寻求包容性增长，开启新的十年。

　　China's attempt to explore expansion with "BRICS Plus" and build a wider partnership by holding dialogues with other major developing countries and organizations will help turn BRICS into the most-influential platform for South-South cooperation in the world.

　　中国通过与其他主要发展中国家和组织开展对话来扩大合作伙伴关系，并且采用“金砖国家+”的方式探索金砖国家的拓展，这些尝试有助于金砖国家转变成为全球最具影响力的南南合作平台。

　　The idea of "BRICS Plus" is for the BRICS countries to stand firm against the rising wave of protectionism.

　　“金砖国家+”的理念旨在让金砖国家成员国坚定立场，反对日益高涨的保护主义浪潮。

　　What impact does BRICS have on the world?

　　金砖国家给世界带来哪些影响?

　　First, in the political sphere, the BRICS are helping to change the way in which the global governance model has always been centered around Western developed economies. The bloc has changed the post-Cold War world order, in which the global dominance of the US was enshrined, and has more broadly resisted the global hegemony of Western nations. BRICS nations, spanning Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America, are of pivotal significance for containing Western influence and neo-colonial control, as well as for rectifying the unfair and unrighteous global governance regime.

　　首先，在政治领域，金砖国家正在助力改变一直以来以西方发达国家为中心的全球治理模式。冷战后的世界秩序推崇美国的全球统治，金砖国家打破了这一格局，并且和西方国家在全球推行的霸权主义相抗衡。金砖国家地跨亚欧非拉四大洲，对制约西方势力与新殖民主义的控制、纠正有失公平公正的全球治理体系起到了关键作用。

　　The grouping of BRICS nations indicates not only a union of the new powers that have been marginalized by the West, but also an attempt to acknowledge diversity. Especially worth noting is that BRICS nations play a vital role in ensuring regional stability. Along with the decline of the US' hegemonic power, the BRICS' stabilizing influence is seen as increasingly important.

　　金砖国家的组建不仅表明被西方边缘化的新兴国家团结在了一起，也是承认多样化的一种尝试。特别值得注意的是，金砖国家在维护地区稳定方面扮演着重要角色，随着美国霸权地位的减弱，金砖国家的维稳作用正日益受到重视。

　　Second, in economic terms, the BRICS bloc has taken a raft of measures - including the signing of trade deals and currency agreements and the establishment of the BRICS bank - that have dramatically boosted the economic power of non-Western regions and also reshaped globalization. It turns out that BRICS nations have become a key growth engine for the world economy, and this has resulted in a trend that is seeing globalization returning to nurture Third World countries.

　　其次，就经济而言，金砖国家采取了诸多举措，包括签署贸易协定和货币协议、成立金砖银行等，显著提升了非西方地区的经济实力，重塑全球化。事实证明，金砖国家已成为全球经济增长的新引擎，形成了全球化反哺第三世界国家的趋势。

　　Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa - the four BRICS nations other than China - are all key partners for China in pushing forward its Belt and Road initiative. It is expected that with closer cooperation within BRICS nations, the China-led Belt and Road initiative will have an increasingly positive impact on the world, especially the Third World. Countries like Cambodia, Bangladesh and Angola that have long been among the economically marginalized across the globe have engaged themselves in the ongoing globalization driven by BRICS nations and are thus genuinely kicking off their process of modernization.

　　除了中国，巴西、俄罗斯、印度和南非四个金砖国家都是推动中国“一带一路”倡议的重要伙伴。金砖国家内部更加紧密的合作有助于由中国主导的“一带一路”倡议在全球、特别是第三世界产生更加积极的影响。全世界像柬埔寨、孟加拉、安哥拉这样长期在经济上被边缘化的国家都加入了金砖国家驱动的持续全球化进程中，真正走上现代化道路。

　　Last, in terms of culture, the BRICS bloc has allowed for increased communication and integration among each other, giving rise to new thoughts and cultures marked by openness, inclusiveness, cooperation and an all-win situation.

　　最后从文化角度来看，金砖国家增进了彼此间的交流，实现了相互交融，促进形成了“开放、包容、合作、共赢”情境下的新思想文化。

　　BRICS nations all have long histories and distinct cultures, but their confidence in their own cultural values and beliefs, as well as their choice of development paths, has at times been affected by the West-centric globalization pattern. But with BRICS nations undergoing a political and economic revival, a more open and diverse attitude is on the rise. The BRICS countries have an attitude of mutual respect and appreciation, and can help the world grapple with the challenges of modernization.

　　金砖国家历史悠久，文化各异，虽然对各自文化价值和信念的自信以及对发展道路的选择有时会受到以西方为核心的全球化模式的影响，但金砖国家的政治和经济正在复苏，呈现出更加开放和多样的姿态。金砖国家相互尊重、相互欣赏，将帮助全世界应对现代化带来的挑战。

　　相关译词：

　　rotating chairman 轮值主席

　　bloc (政党、国家等组成的)集团，联盟

　　carry weight 有分量;有影响

　　emerging economy 新兴经济体

　　inclusive growth 包容性增长

　　South-South Cooperation 南南合作

　　global governance 全球治理

　　global dominance 全球统治

　　economic integration 经济一体化

　　economic revival 经济复苏

　　growth engine 增长引擎

　　multilateralism 多边主义

　　hegemony 霸权

　　protectionism 保护主义

　　neo-colonialism 新殖民主义

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