31. hardly → scarcely几乎不

　　【例句】

　　The city had scarcely changed in 20 years. (Longman)

　　这个城市在二十年间几乎没变化。

　　32. help n. → aid， assistance 帮助，支持

　　help v. → assist 帮助

　　【精析】

　　assist (sb) with/in sth， help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事;with sb's aid/help 在某人的帮助下

　　【词句】

　　These measures were designed to assist people with disabilities.(MacMillan) 这些措施旨在帮助残疾人。

　　He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.(Collins) 在他所发现的一个全新的方法的帮助下，他成功了。

　　33. importance → significance 重要性

　　①I'm not downplaying the significance of that area to the people of this country. (economist.com) 我没有低估那块区域对于这个国家的重要性。

　　②Christmas is a holiday of great significance to Americans. (economist.com)

　　圣诞节对于美国来说是有重大意义的节日。

　　34. important → significant 重要的;critical， crucial， vital 至关重要的

　　be important for/to → be critical/crucial/vital to 对于…至关重要

　　be important à count， matter

　　【例句】

　　①For most of the second half of the 20th century， governments played a crucial role in funding and directing pure research and early-stage development. (economist.com)

　　对于20世纪下半叶中的大部分时间来说，政府在资助和指导纯理论研究和早期开发方面扮演着至关重要的角色。

　　②The top five skills hiring managers say will be most critical to their businesses.(cnn.com)

　　招聘经理说这五种技巧将对他们的业务至关重要。

　　③Your contribution is crucial to the success of our company.(cnn.com)

　　你的贡献对我们公司的成功至关重要。

　　④Their participation is vital to ensuring that assistance addresses the diverse needs within the community.(cnn.com)

　　他们的参与对于保证援助能解决社区内各种各样需求至关重要。

　　⑤First impressions really do count.(Longman)

　　第一印象真得很重要。

　　⑥People need to realize that education matters.(MacMillan)

　　人们有必要意识到教育很重要。

　　35. money → capital 资金

　　【例句】

　　The drought of foreign capital is beginning to wreck many economies in central and eastern Europe. (economist.com)

　　外资的流失开始破坏中欧和东欧的许多经济体。

　　36. more and more + noun → an increasing number of + noun 越来越多的某物

　　【例句】

　　①More and more supercomputers are being built outside America.(econimist.com)

　　越来越多的超级计算机正在美国之外被建造。

　　②As they attempt to cut costs， an increasing number of firms are outsourcing more of their production.(economist.com)

　　随着他们试图削减费用，越来越多的公司把他们更多的生产外包出去。

　　③UK house prices have become unaffordable to an increasing number of the population.(economist.com)

　　英国的房价变得让越来越多的人不可承受。

　　37. more and more → increasingly 越来越…

　　【例句】

　　①I think that the world is more and more uncertain.(economist.com)

　　我认为世界将变得越来越不确定。

　　②Success in business increasingly depends on chance encounters.(economist.com)

　　在商界的成功越来越依靠机遇了。

　　③Scientists are increasingly worried about the amount of debris orbiting the Earth.(economist.com)

　　科学家越来越担心围绕着地球飞行的残骸量。

　　④Americans are increasingly choosing to live among like-minded neighbours.(economist.com) 越来越多的美国人正选择住在志同道合的邻居中间。

　　38. most (of) → the majority of 大多数，大部分

　　【例句】

　　①Despite receiving billions of dollars of aid， most of its 35m people remain poor.(economist.com) 尽管接受了数十亿的援助，其3500万民众中的大部分仍然贫困。

　　②In most countries， the majority of wealth is concentrated in a fairly small number of hands.(economist.com)

　　在大部分国家，大部分财富集中于相当一小部分人手中。

　　③Technology has not simplified the lives of the majority of the people on the planet， including.(economist.com)

　　科技没有使地球上大部分人的生活变得简单。

　　39. method → approach 方法，手段

　　①China and India are finding two somewhat different approaches to getting rid of poverty， yet they have similarities.(economist.com)

　　中国和印度找到两种略有不同的方法摆脱贫困，尽管它们有相似之处。

　　②You should not hesitate to break away from conventional approaches.(cnn.com)

　　你应该毫不犹豫地抛弃传统方法。

　　40. often adv. → frequently经常地，频繁地

　　【例句】

　　Limestone was frequently used as a building material. (Longman)

　　石灰石常被用作建筑材料。

　　41. old → aged， elderly 年迈的，年老的

　　the aged/old/elderly → old people 老年人

　　【例句】

　　The charity concert is designed to help the aged.

　　这场慈善音乐会旨在帮助老年人。

　　42. only adj. → sole 唯一的

　　only adv. → solely 仅仅地

　　【例句】

　　①Griffiths is the sole survivor of the crash.(Longman)

　　格里菲斯是这场坠机事故中唯一的幸存者。

　　②We simply cannot rely solely on the market to fix our problems.(bbc.co.uk)

　　我们不能仅仅依靠市场来解决我们的问题。

　　43. in my opinion → in my view， from my perspective/point of view / standpoint / viewpoint 在我看来，我的观点是

　　【例句】

　　①In my view， all these protesters are quite arrogant and plainly ignorant.(economist.com)

　　在我看来，所有这些抗议者十分傲慢并且完全无知。

　　②From my perspective， tax cuts to 95 percent of working families is not wasteful.(cnn.com)

　　以我看来，对95%的工薪阶层的减税并非浪费。

　　44. ordinary adj. → average 普通的

　　【例句】

　　①It is estimated that the average American still pollutes between five and six times more than the average Chinese person.(bbc.co.uk)

　　据估计普通美国人的污染量仍然相当于五六个中国人。

　　②Statistics have shown that the average students from religious schools do better academically than their counterparts of state school.(bbc.co.uk)

　　统计显示来自宗教学校的普通学生在学业上比国立学校的同级别学生表现更出色。

　　45. pain → anguish， agony 身体或精神上的痛苦

　　【例句】

　　①He battled mental and physical anguish.(bbc.co.uk)

　　他忍受着精神上和身体上的痛苦。

　　②They can no longer tolerate the mental or physical anguish of a terminal illness.(bbc.co.uk) 他们再也不能忍受一种绝症带来的精神或肉体上的痛苦。

　　③He had been in the hospital for several weeks and was in mental agony.(bbc.co.uk)

　　他在医院里住了数周，并且也处于精神痛苦之中。

　　46. prepare， get ready → gear up 准备

　　【用法】

　　prepare for sth = get ready for sth 准备某事;

　　gear up for sth = prepare to do sth = gear up to do sth 准备做某事

　　be prepared to do sth = be ready to do sth = be geared up to sth 准备好做某事

　　【例句】

　　①He gears up for a meeting with a presidential candidate.(bbc.co.uk)

　　他准备和一位总统候选人会面。

　　②Nokia needs to gear up to provide services， not hardware.(economist.com)

　　诺基亚需要准备提供的是服务，而不是硬件。

　　③The international community are geared up to help Haiti.(bbc.co.uk)

　　国际社会准备帮助海地。

　　47. poor adj. → impoverished 非常贫穷的; poverty-stricken 贫穷的; cash-strapped 拮据的，缺少资金的;economically disadvantaged 在经济上处于不利地位的，即相对贫穷的

　　【例句】

　　①It is indeed good news that China is every where in Africa opening businesses and creating employment for the impoverished people.(economist.com)

　　这真是好消息：中国在非洲各地做贸易并为一贫如洗的人们创造就业机会。

　　②Elsewhere in India， the Muslim minority is economically disadvantaged.(economist.com)

　　在印度其他地方，穆斯林相对贫困。

　　48. rich， wealthy adj. → affluent 富裕的

　　【例句】

　　①Death rates in Scotland are falling faster in more affluent areas than in poorer places， a study says.(bbc.co.uk)

　　一项研究表明，在苏格兰富裕地区的死亡率相较于贫穷地区下降地更快。

　　②The cash-strapped Caribbean island now wants to attract a more affluent， bigger-spending class of tourists.(bbc.co.uk)

　　这个没钱的加勒比岛正想吸引一个更加富裕、消费更多的游客阶层。

　　49. result from → stem from 源于，因…而出现

　　【例句】

　　①The country's floods partly stemmed from over-use of forests by industry.(bbc.co.uk)

　　该国的洪水部分原因是工业过度消耗森林。

　　②The violent protests stemmed from disputed elections in 2000， which the opposition says were rigged.(bbc.co.uk)

　　这场暴力抗议源于有争议的2000年的选举，反对派称其是作弊的。

　　50. be sad → be grieved 悲伤

　　【例句】

　　①I feel deeply grieved.(bcc.co.uk)

　　我感到深深地悲伤。

　　②At present we are grieved and tomorrow looks uncertain.(bbc.co.uk)

　　现在我很悲伤，明天开起来是不确定的。

　　51. be similar to → resemble 相似，像

　　【例句】

　　①Right now America's banking system resembles a pyramid.(economist.com)

　　现在美国的银行体系像个金字塔。

　　②Today's financial crisis resembles the one that happened three-quarters of a century ago.(economist.com)

　　目前的金融危机像发生在四分之三世纪之前的那场金融危机。

　　52. spend → expend， invest 在某方面花费时间、精力或资金等

　　【精析】

　　invest除了表示投资外，还可表示“在某方面花费时间、精力或资金等”，请看其在朗文字典中的解释：to use a lot of time， effort etc or spend money in order to make something succeed，其用法为 invest (sth) in sth。

　　expend也有相同的意思，用法为expend sth in/on (doing) sth。

　　【例句】

　　①The city has invested millions of dollars in the museum.(Longman)

　　这个城市投入几百万到博物馆上。

　　②You have to be willing to invest a lot of time in taking care of elderly parents.(Macmillan)

　　你必须愿意投入大量时间照顾年迈的父母。

　　③She's invested a lot of emotional energy in that business.(Oxford)

　　她为那事费了很大的心血。

　　④Manufacturers have expended a lot of time and effort trying to improve computer security.(Longman)

　　工程师花费了大量的时间和精力去努力增加计算机安全。

　　53. stop v. → cease 停止

　　①It is unrealistic to expect that forest degradation will cease.(economist.com)

　　期待森林退化将停止是不切实际的。

　　②Playing fair would cease to have any value.(economist.com)

　　公平竞争将不再有任何价值。

　　③Markets and the public cease to believe that prices will remain stable.(economist.com)

　　市场和公众将不再相信价格将仍然保持稳定。

　　54. thank sb： ->be grateful to sb， feel/express/show gratitude to sb 感激某人，感谢某人，向某人致谢

　　【例句】

　　①You should be grateful to him who gives you this opportunity.(economist.com)

　　你应该感谢他，因为他给了你这个机会。

　　②The world must express its gratitude to Sri Lanka.(economist.com)

　　世界必须向斯里兰卡致谢

　　55. think → argue 认为

　　【例句】

　　He argued that business schools could and should play a terrific role in raising the standard of management.(hbr.org)

　　他认为商业学校能够而且应该在提高管理水准中扮演重大角色。

　　56. though → despite the fact that 尽管

　　【例句】

　　She's taking her children on holiday， despite the fact that school starts tomorrow.(Oxford)

　　她正带着她的孩子去度假，尽管学校明天开学。

　　57. be used to： -> be accustomed to 适应，习惯

　　【例句】

　　We were accustomed to studying in the library.

　　我们习惯了再图书馆里学习。

　　58. very adv.： -> extremely， exceedingly 非常地，极度地

　　【例句】

　　①This decision is extremely unwise.(bbc.co.uk)

　　这个决定非常不明智。

　　②He is exceedingly lean.(cnn.com)

　　他非常瘦。

　　59. all over the world → on the earth/planet， across / all over / around / round / throughout + the earth / globe / planet / world， globally 全世界范围内，全球

　　【例句】

　　①What methods and models do scientists use to track the changes in temperature all over the earth? (cnn.com)

　　科学家用什么方法和模型来跟踪全球范围内的气温变化呢?

　　②Traditional medicines continue to thrive globally. (cnn.com)

　　传统医药继续在全球范围内兴盛。

　　③Obama is an inspiration to the youths all over the globe.(cnn.com)

　　奥巴马是对全世界青年的一个激励。

　　60. want to do sth： aspire to do sth 渴望做某事

　　【例句】

　　The consulting firm aspires to hire top talents from a diverse set of backgrounds around the world. (cnn.com)

　　这家咨询公司渴望雇到全世界有各种不同背景的顶尖人才。

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