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　　一、阅读判断

　　下面的短文后给出了 10 个句子，请根据短文内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及， 选择 C。

　　The Effect of Computers on People

　　Computers are playing a more and more important role in people's lives. Most people's jobs are likely to be affected by computers in one way or another. Teachers, for example, can use computers in the classroom to help their teaching. Students may also have their computers to use. Students can use computers to ask questions and solve problems.

　　It is true that computers can help people do a lot of tasks. However, at the moment, there are a lot of things that a computer cannot do. Computers cannot perform an operation. Computers cannot think like the way people can.

　　Some people are trying to make a program, which will enable computers to think like people. They have got some surprising successes. Some computer programs can play chess much better than the average player. In one game, a computer has beaten the world chess champion. This game is a board game like chess but much simpler.

　　However, computers are only effective when problems are clearly described in advance. They are next to useless when problems are not clearly described. For example,an airplane can fly automatically most of the time, but there is always a human pilot in it and can check whether something goes wrong. The human can react to those situations which he may not imagine in advance.

　　Some people say that computers can never have "minds of their own" because they need a program, which is created by a human, to tell them what to do. This is perfectly true. But how do we know that a program giving a computer a mind of its own cannot be written? Researchers are making efforts to write such a program. Despite this, it is still a long way to write such a program.(10 分)

　　1.Few people’s jobs may be affected by computers.( ) (1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　2.Teachers can use computers to help their

　　teaching.( ) (1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　3.It is unclear whether computers can help people do a lot of tasks.( ) (1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　4.Computers can perform an operation.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　5.People have created a program that can enable computers to think like human beings.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　6.In a chess game, the computer has beaten the world chess champion.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　7.Computers are nearly useless when problems are not clearly described.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　8.An airplane can fly automatically most of

　　the time without any humans in it.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　9.There is a long way to go before a program—giving a computer a mind of its own—can be written.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　10.The computer program is more likely to be used in medical industry.( )(1 分)

　　A: True

　　B: False

　　C: Not Given

　　二、阅读选择

　　阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项( A、B、C、D)中选出 1 个最佳选项。

　　On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of courtesy. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.

　　It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, “I have failed again.” On the train back to Washington he commented sadly, “That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed.”

　　Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little, as people read the speech, they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.

　　Today, every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest orations ever given in American history.(10 分)

　　11. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln was().(2 分)

　　A: very critical

　　B: unpopular

　　C: very popular

　　D: very boring

　　12.Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was().(2 分)

　　A: a famous orator

　　B: very handsome

　　C: President of the United States at the time

　　D: a popular statesman

　　13. It can be inferred from the text that() .(2 分)

　　A:Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg

　　B: Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn’t have much time to prepare his speech

　　C: Lincoln’s speech was full of rich oratory

　　D: Lincoln’s speech was very long

　　14.Lincoln’s speech was().(2 分)

　　A: an immediate success

　　B: warmly applauded

　　C: a total failure

　　D: not well-received at first

　　15.Which of the following statements is NOT　true?()(2 分)

　　A:Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address has deep meaning.

　　B:Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is simple in style.

　　C:Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child.

　　D:Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States.

　　答案解析

　　一、阅读判断

　　1、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 jobs 和 affected 入手。

　　定位到第一段第二句可知， 大多数人的工作可能会受到电脑的某种影响。题干意思是：很少人的工作会受到电脑的影响。

　　题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　2、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 teachers 和 teaching 入手。

　　定位到第一段第三句可知，例如，教师可以在教室里使用电脑来帮助他们教学。 题干意思是：教师可以使用计算机来帮助他们的教学。

　　题干表述与原文相符，所以本题选 A。

　　3、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 tasks 入手。

　　定位到第二段第一句可知，的确，计算机可以帮助人们完成许多任务。 题干意思是：目前还不清楚计算机是否能帮助人们完成很多任务。

　　题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　4、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 operation 入手。

　　定位到第二段第三句可知，计算机无法进行手术。题干意思：计算机可以进行手术。

　　题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　5、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 program 和 think like human beings 入手。

　　定位到第三段第一句可知，有些人正试图制作一个程序，使计算机能够像人一样思考。 题干意思是：人们发明了一种程序，可以使计算机像人一样思考。

　　题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　6、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 chess game 和 chess champion。

　　定位到第三段最后两句可知，在一场比赛中，一台电脑击败了国际象棋世界冠军。这是一个 类似象棋的棋盘游戏，但要比象棋简单得多。

　　题干意思是：在一场象棋比赛中，计算机击败了世界象棋冠军。题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　7、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 useless 和 problems 入手。

　　定位到第四段第二句，当问题描述不清楚时，它们几乎是无用的。 题干意思是：当问题描述不清楚时，计算机几乎是无用的。

　　题干表述与原文相符，所以本题选 A。

　　8、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：B

　　解析：本题可从 airplane 和 automatically 入手。定位到第四段第三句可知，例如，一架飞机可以在大部分时间自动飞行，但里面总有一个人 类飞行员，可以检查是否出了问题。

　　题干意思是：一架飞机大部分时间都能自动飞行，没有人在里面。 题干表述与原文不符，所以本题选 B。

　　9、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：A

　　解析：本题可从 long way 入手。

　　定位到最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员正在努力编写这样一个程序。尽管如此，编写这样 的程序还有很长的路要走。

　　题干意思是：要写一个给计算机独立思维的程序还有很长的路要走。 题干表述与原文相符，所以本题选 A。

　　10、【考点】第一节 阅读判断(Critical Reading)

　　答案：C

　　解析：本题可从 used 和 medical 入手。

　　定位到文中，并未提及计算机程序未来的应用。

　　题干意思是：计算机程序更有可能用于医疗行业。题干表述在文中未提及，所以本题选 C。

　　二、阅读选择

　　11、【考点】事实信息题(Factual Information Question)

　　答案：B

　　解析：A：很挑剔的 B：不受欢迎的 C：非常受欢迎 D：很无聊的

　　根据文章第一段第四句“He was not at all popular.”可知，他一点也不受欢迎，故选 B。

　　12、【考点】推理判断题(Inference Question)

　　答案：C

　　解析：A：一个著名的演说家 B：非常英俊 C：当时的美国总统 D：一个受欢迎的政治家

　　本题使用排除法。ABD 三个选项在第一段都有出现，是用来形容 Everett 的。根据文章第一段 3-5 句可知， There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of courtesy.当时对林肯总统有很多批评。他一点也不受欢迎。他被邀请在葛底斯堡演讲只是出于礼貌。可想而知只是因为他是总统所以礼貌的邀请他，选 C。

　　13、【考点】推理判断题(Inference Question)

　　答案：B

　　解析：A：林肯在去葛底斯堡之前非常仔细地准备了他的演讲。

　　B：林肯当时很忙，没有太多的时间准备他的演讲。C：林肯的演讲充满了雄辩的口才。

　　D：林肯的演讲很长

　　根据文章第二段， It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. 据说林肯在去葛底斯堡的路上准备了他的演讲。那天深夜，他独自一人在酒店房间里疲惫不堪，再次短暂地做了一次演讲。由此可见，他在来的路上才有时间准备演讲，所以可以推断应该是很忙，故选 B。

　　14、【考点】事实信息题(Factual Information Question)

　　答案：D

　　解析：A：即刻的成功 B：热烈鼓掌 C：彻底的失败 D：一开始并不受欢迎。根据文章倒数第二段，Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little, as people read the speech, they began to understand better. 一些报纸起初批评这篇演讲。但渐渐地，当人们读到这篇演讲稿时，他们开始明白了。由此可知，这篇演讲最开始并没有收到人们的认同。 故选 D。

　　15、【考点】事实信息题(Factual Information Question)

　　答案：D

　　解析：A：林肯的葛底斯堡演说意义深远。

　　B：林肯的葛底斯堡演说风格简单。

　　C：林肯的葛底斯堡演说被每一个美国学生铭记。

　　D：林肯的葛底斯堡演说是美国有史以来最伟大的演说。

　　根据文章，They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning 他们开始欣赏它的简单和深刻的含义。every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart.每个美国学校的孩子都用心学习林肯的葛底斯堡演说。Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest orations ever given in American history.现在每个人都认为这是美国历史上最伟大的演讲之一。可知 D 项说法太绝对。故选 D。

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