III. Discourse Cloze. (10 points, 1 point for each)

　　Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

　　Miller uses the techniques of the modern theatre to the full. He is not satisfied with simply employing the devices oflights and sound as an addition to the acting, 31. ______. This is a deliberate attempt to make the theatre as a whole, not merely the actors, express the messages of the play. Mechanical devices assume, then, a symbolic significance—they represent an essential meaning or idea in the play in physical terms. They express a meamng — 32. ______.

　　Miller was writing for a middle-class audience. His plays were performed on Broadway,33. ______. Therefore they reached only a small proportion of the population Miller uses this fact (that the plays reached only a relatively small proportion of the population) to advantage in Death of a Salesman, where he examines American middle-class ideas and beliefs. He was able to place before his audience Willy Loman, 34. ______, ones which have been summed up by the phrase “the American Dream”. The American Dream is a combination of beliefs in the unity of the family, the healthiness of competition in society, the need for success and money, and the view that 35. ______. Some of these are connected: America seemed at one stage in history to offer alternatives to the European way of life; she seemed to be the New World, vast, having plenty of land and riches for all of its people, all of whom could share in the wealth of the nation. America was a land of opportunity. This belief is still apparent, even in twentieth-century America, with its large urban population, and Miller uses it in his plays, in order to state something significant about American society. In such a land, where all people have a great deal of opportunity, success should come fahly easily, 36. ______. To become successful in the American Dream means to believe in competition, to reach the top as quickly as possible by proving oneself better than others. Success is judged by the amount of wealth which can be acquired by an individual. 37. ______. Money and success mean stability; and stability can be seen in the family unit. The family is a guideline to success. 38. ______. These ideas should always be kept in mind when Death of a Salesman is considered.

　　Another point to consider is Miller’s conception of what the theatre should do. He is both a psychological and a social dramatist.39. ______. Often, these people are ordinary, everyday types, but ones whose actions are made significant by the dramatist. For example, the lives of ordinary citizens going about their daily business in their homes may not obviously appear interesting, but the dramatist can indicate that their daily lives are important, that they are interesting or unusual as people and that the audience may see their own situations and psychological states reflected in the characters the dramatist has created. Death of a Salesman is a good example of this. Of course, all dramatists and novelists try to make the actions of their characters relevant to other people, and most analyze closely the minds of the characters they have created in order to establish what makes them function as individuals. Where Miller differs from many of the others is 40. ______. Most of his heroes are ordinary people: they do not seem to be different from anyone who can be met in any street; and this, it might be argued, adds force to his plays, since none of the characters are remote—we share their feelings, and understand their difficulties. Also, Miller is able to show that everyday people can rise above the ordinary when challenged.

　　(From Miller’s Theatre and Miller’s Ideas)

　　A. a man who shared many of their ideals

　　B. America is the great land in which free opportunity for all exists

　　C. hence the term “expressionist” is often used to describe Miller as a dramatist

　　D. but indicates in the stage directions of his plays precisely when a particular form of lighting or piece of sound is to be used

　　E. so an unsuccessful man could feel bitter about his failure, excluded as he was from the success around him

　　F. This means that Miller has often been regarded as an ally of the American Left

　　G the center of New York’s theatrical and cultural life, and in London’s West End

　　H. As a psychological dramatist he studies character, the motives and reasons behind the behavior of individuals, and presents them to his audiences so that his individual characters become convincingly alive

　　I. People were not as stable financially because of the depression and then the 1939-45 war, and so their way of life seemed to be challenged

　　J. It also provides emotional stability, and a good family shares its hopes and beliefs

　　K. Success is extemal and visible, shown in material wealth and encouraged

　　L. in the type of person that he has created

　　IV. Word Formations. (10 points, 1 point for each)

　　Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

　　41. (complete) In his life, each stage of his development depends on the satisfactory ______ of the one before .

　　42. (achieve) I felt a great sense of ______ when I reached the top of the mountain.

　　43. (shock) He’s ______ at the prevalence of bribery among these officials.

　　44. (relief) He smoked frequently to _____his nervous tension.

　　45.(imply) The new report has far-reaching ______ for the future of Chinese education.

　　46. (doubt) Because of a long drought, the farmers are ______ about the prospect of a good yield.

　　47. (horrify) I was ______ at the idea of having to give a speech in front of so many people.

　　48. (polite) ______ is the attribute of a gentleman.

　　49. (deception) You are ______ yourself if you still believe that she will help you.

　　50. (treat) First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical ______ is available.

　　V. Gap Filling. (10 points, 1 point for each)

　　Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

　　than wish suspect know for

　　fear headquarters in close against

　　many foreign even

　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner (Head of the Force) is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too 51. ______ linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world.

　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI —the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a 52. ______. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their 53. ______ in Washington, D. C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia(黑手党) bosses 54. ______ they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they 55. ______. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies.

　　The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency— are now well 56. ______ in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of 57. ______ agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where it is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy 58. ______ the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world

　　including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even 59. ______.However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services all countries use to protect themselves 60. ______ possible enemies.

　　(From The Police and the Intelligence Agents)

　　VI. Short Answer Questions. (10 points, 5 points for each)

　　Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

　　61. What are psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family aware of in Passage Four?

　　62. Why does the author state that the family is a co-operative enterprise according to the passage?

　　VII. Translation. (10 points, 2 points for each)

　　Directions: The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraphs carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts.

　　Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. 63. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty task, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life. The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. 64. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. 65. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. 66. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill. I have often thought it would be a blessing if. each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed. “Nothing in particular.” She replied. 67. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.

　　(From Three Days to See)

　　温馨提示：由于很多试题(主要是主观题)，其答案并不是唯一的，甚至是开放的，一道题的解题思路是多种多样的，从实施素质教育的要求出发，应该鼓励自考生用多样的思路解题。正是因为如此，在评卷过程中，往往会根据考生的作答情况，对评分标准进行调整，也正因如此，教育部把国家教育考试靠后的评分标准仍然列为秘密材料。因此教育部不在网上公布答案，请考生谅解。