II.阅读理解。认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸相应的位置上。 (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

　　Passage 1

　　Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship-owner knows that his ships may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as insured and those who administer the pool of contributions as insurers.

　　The legal basis of all insurance is the policy. This is a printed form of contract on a piece of paper in best quality. It states that every year the insured shall pay a named sum of money, which is called the premium; in return, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss if the risk or event insured against actually happens.

　　The premium for an insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience. If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business. On the other hand, if they make the premium too low, they will lose money and may even have to drop out of business. So the ordinary forces of supply and demand keep premiums at a level satisfactory to both the insurer and the insured.

　　21. By “the pool of contributions” (Para. 1) the writer means______.

　　A. money paid by the insurers B. the amount of each premium

　　C. money paid by all those insured D. the cost of administering insurance

　　22. A policy is ______.

　　A. a named sum of money B. a kind of legal agreement

　　C. a printed form of payment D. a particular kind of insurance

　　23. Insurance premiums do not become too high because ______.

　　A. not many people insure themselves B. premiums depend on the risk of loss

　　C. insurers have to be more competitive D. insurance companies can never lose money

　　24. According to the passage, insurance business is profitable because ______.

　　A. nearly everyone suffers losses B. only insured people suffer losses

　　C. everyone at some time suffers losses D. only a few of those insured suffer losses

　　25. The purpose of the passage is ______.

　　A. to define an insurance policy B. to introduce insurance business

　　C. to persuade people to be insured  D. to warn people of possible losses

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