时间状语从句

　　表示“一……就……”的连词：once, as soon as, barely/hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, the minute, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly

　　其他表示时间的短语还有：every time, next time, the day 等。

　　一些表时间的副词和短语也可引导状语从句.

　　例:The day he returned home, his father was already dead.

　　We shall have completed the work by the time he ________ back next week. (2003/4)

　　A. will come B. comes

　　C. is coming D. will have come

　　B

　　As, when, while 虽然都表示时间，但是有区别的.As 多用于口语，强调“同一时间”或“一先一后”.

　　例:1.As I was going out, it began to rain.

　　(as强调两个动作紧接着发生)

　　2. As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.(在这里是“伴随”的意思)

　　When 强调特定时间

　　例:1.When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the door bell rang.

　　While 也表示同一时间，但表示的不是一点，而是一段,所以位于谓语动词必须为延续性动词形式.

　　例：While he was eating his breakfast, his friend came to visit him.

　　注意 not…until… 正常结构、倒装结构、强调结构、和until置于句首的用法。

　　He didn’t go to sleep until he had finished his homework.

　　(正常结构)

　　Not until he had finished his homework did he go to sleep.

　　(倒装结构)

　　It was not until he had finished his homework that he went to sleep.

　　(强调结构)

　　Until he had finished his homework he didn’t go to sleep.

　　(until置于句首)

　　原因状语从句，关联词有because, as since 等.

　　because, as ,since三者区别：

　　because 语气最强，重在交待原因，以why引导的疑问句只能because用来回答;其前可用only, just等词强调;可用在 It is…that…强调句型中。

　　如：You shouldn't get angry just because some people speak ill of you.

　　as 一词语气最弱，表示明显的原因。

　　如：As she was in a hurry, she left her key in the car.

　　since 表示人们已知的事实，所以常译成“既然……”。如：Since everyone is here, let's get started.

　　另外，for属并列连词，不能位于句首，是对前一分句加以解释或说明。如：It must have rained last night, for the yard is wet.

　　与since相近，seeing that, now that, considering that, given that 都有“鉴于某个事实、考虑到”的意思，此外，in that， on the grounds that 均可表示原因。

　　例: Considering she is so interested in children, I think she can make a very good kindergarten teacher.

　　结果状语从句，关联词有that, so that, such that, with the result that. so…that, such…that等。

　　She sat behind me so that I could not see the expression on her face.

　　His anger was such that he lost control of himself

　　I was in the bath, as the result that I didn’t hear the telephone.

　　He is so kind a person that we all like him.

　　He is such a kind person that we all like him.