第 1 页:名词 |
第 2 页:形容词和副词 |
第 3 页:时态 |
第 6 页:语态 |
第 8 页:从句 |
第 15 页:附加疑问句/反疑疑问句 |
第 17 页:主谓一致 |
第 18 页:倒装句 |
第 20 页:强调句型 |
第 21 页:非谓语动词 |
第 23 页:不定式 |
第 24 页:动名词 |
第 26 页:虚拟语气 |
形容词和副词
以下情况形容词常用于后置定语 :
1) 一些表语性形容词要后置,如 :present (到场的,出席的) , available , involved , concerned , etc 。
2) 形容词修饰不定代词 something , anything , everything 时要后置。例如 :
There was something wrong with her.
I came across a tricky question hard to answer.
I wondered if there was a room available.
注意enough的位置:enough 修饰名词时放在名词前后均可,修饰形容词或副词时要放在后面。如:
enough water /water enough
careful enough/ well enough
形容词和副词的原级比较由 “as + 形容词或副词原级 ( 或后跟名词或短语 )+as” 构成, “as…as” 前可加 not , just , almost , nearly , quite , twice , several times 等词修饰。否定式中 not 后面的 as 可改为 so 。如:
He is as tall as I.
He is not as/as careful as his brother.
形容词与副词的比较级形式为 :“ 形容词 ( 副词 ) 比较级 +than+…” ,应注意 than 前后相比较的人或物要一致 (否则没有可比性)。比较级前可以跟 even , much , stilI, far, a lot 等副词修饰比较级,表示强调。
You voice is more beautiful than your classmates’/that of your classmates.
The population in China is much larger than that in America.
The values of the young differ from those of their elders. 不可数名词或名词单数,后面用that代替,可数名词复数后面用those代替。
注意一些以-ior结尾的来自于拉丁语的单词,虽表示比较的含义,但后面要用to而不是than。常用的有七个:
be junior to ---be younger than
be senior to ---be older than
be posterior to ---be later than
be anterior to ---be earlier than
be prior to ---be earlier than/be more important than be inferior to ---be worse than
be superior to ---be better than
还要注意比较级重要结构:
the +比较级, the +比较级 ( 越 …… 就越 ……) ,常考选择或翻译。如:
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you make.
The earlier you come, the better (it is).
形容词与副词的最高级的形式分别为 :“the+ 形容词最高级 + 名词十范围表达 ” 和 “ 副词最高级十名词 + 范围表达 ” ,副词的比较级和最高级不需要加 the 。例如 :
We are the happiest when staying with friends.
I carried out the task more successfully than he had expected.
Most 有时并不都是最高级形式,相当于very,该用法比较正式。如:
It is a most touching film. 这是一部非常感人的电影。
They shall most certainly come. 他们很可能回来。
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