A man was seen to go into the room.一个男人被看到走进屋里去了。(被动)

　　His mother made him do his homework again.他妈妈让他把作业重写一次。(主动)

　　He was made to do his homework again by his mother.他被妈妈要求把作业重写一次。(被动)

　　6)动词短语的被动语态

　　动词+介词

　　如：They have talked about this matter recently.他们近来一直在谈论这件事情。(主动)

　　This matter has been talked about recently.这件事情近来一直被谈论着。(被动)

　　动词+副词

　　如：They put off the sports meeting.他们把运动会推迟了。(主动)

　　The sports meeting was put off.运动会被推迟了。(被动)

　　7)get+过去分词构成的被动语态

　　get+过去分词也可以构成被动语态，用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。

　　如：The man got hurt on his way home.那个男子在回家的路上受伤了。

　　Mary is going to get married.玛丽准备结婚。

　　3.被动语态的用法：

　　1)动作的施动者很明显，没有必要提到时：

　　如：The rubbish hasn't been collected.垃圾没有清走。

　　Your hand will be X-rayed.你的手要照X片。

　　2)不知道、不确切知道或忘记了谁是施动者。

　　如：The minister was murdered.部长被谋杀了。

　　You will be met at the station.有人会到车站去接你。

　　3)使用被动语态可以避免说出别扭的句子。

　　如：When he arrived home a detective arrested him.他回到家时，一名侦探逮捕了他。(主动)

　　此句最好表示为：

　　When he arrived home he was arrested by a detective.他回到家里就被一名侦探逮捕了。(被动)变为被动后，可以避免改换主语。

　　4) 主动句中主语是不定代词one，通常可以表示为被动语态。

　　如：One sees this sort of advertisement everywhere.这样的广告到处可见。(主动)

　　This sort of advertisement is seen everywhere. 这样的广告到处可见。(被动)

　　5)当动作的实施者即主动句中的主语是泛指人们时：这样的动词有：assume, believe, claim, consider, estimate, find, know, report, say, think等，通常可以表示为被动语态。

　　如：People believe him to be honest.人们相信他是诚实的。

　　He is believed to be honest.相信他是诚实的。

　　6)新闻报道，书刊介绍等文体中，突出描述的客观性。

　　如：Three people have so far been killed in the storms sweeping across the north of England and Southern Scotland.在席卷英格兰北部和苏格兰南部的暴风雨中，三人丧生。

　　4.被动语态与系表结构的区别：

　　英语中有些“be+过去分词”的形式可以表示被动语态也可以作系表结构。如果表示一个动作，则是被动语态;如果表示状态，则是系表结构。表示被动时，常伴有by短语;表示状态时多用其他介词短语(in, at, with等)

　　如：The novel is well written.这个小说写得很好。(系表结构)

　　The novel is written by a woman.这个小说是一位妇女写的。(被动)

　　The man was offended. 那个人很生气。(系表结构)

　　The man was offended by the woman.那个男人被那个女人激怒了。(被动)

　　5.主动形式表被动含义：

　　当句子中出现easy , hard , difficult 等词修饰时，我们用主动形式表达被动

　　如 I found the poem hard to understand .

　　2001年第25小题：

　　They found the lecture hard --------

　　A to be understood B to understand C for understanding D to have been understood

　　答案是B

　　第二部分：巩固练习

　　把下列句子变为被动句：

　　1.He suggested using the waterproof material.

　　He suggested that the waterproof material should be used.

　　2. He advised us to go to school earlier.

　　We are advised to go to school earlier.

　　3.The waiter recommended us to order the seafood.

　　We were recommended to order the seafood.

　　The waiter recommended that the seafood should be ordered.

　　4.We often hear him sing in the next room.

　　He is often heard to sing in the next room.

　　5.You needn't return the book now.

　　The book needn't be returned now.

　　6. They will send you a bill at the end of the month.

　　You will be sent a bill at the end of the month.

　　A bill will be sent to you at the end of the month.

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