2015中考英语阅读理解解题技巧及配套试题

　　(二)学校生活与语言学习

　　校园生活与语言学习是中考阅读理解考查的一个热点话题，一方面与学生生活、学习、交流等息息相关;另一方面，来自社会，紧贴社会生活，具有一定的时代感和现实意义。这类话题多是说明文，做题时要注意说明的对象、内容及说明方法。这类题要注意每段话的开头部分，整体把握材料信息。

　　做题思路：把握信息，找出题眼，梳理信息，进行解答问题。

　　When you see the girl for the first time，you may think she is a boy.She is very outgoing(外向的).Who is she? Wang Meng，the Chinese top skater.

　　On the evening of February 26th，2010，Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in the women's 1000 meters short track speed skating final(短道速滑决赛) at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games(温哥华冬奥会).After she succeeded in the 500-metre and 3000-metre races，she won her third gold medal this time.With this one China won four gold medals in the women's short track speed skating.That helped China first win the team gold medal in Winter Olympics history.

　　Just before the final race Wang Meng caught a bad cold and coughed terribly.With the words of "You can，you can do!" she won at last.She said，"I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team，to China.It was with the help of my team that I won the prize."

　　Though Wang Meng is only twenty-four，she has been the most successful Chinese skater.We are proud of her and her team.We hope she will be faster in Sochi Olympics in 2014.

　　阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

　　( ) 1.China won gold medals in the women's short track speed skating.

　　A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5

　　( ) 2.It took Wang Meng 1 minute and 29.213 seconds to finish the short track speed skating final.

　　A.women's 1000 B.men's 1000

　　C.women's 500 D.men's 500

　　( ) 3.In Wang Meng's opinion，made her win the prize at last.

　　A.a strong body B.a bad cold

　　C.her team's help D.much exercise

　　( ) 4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A.Wang Meng is very outgoing like a boy.

　　B.Wang Meng is the most successful Chinese skater.

　　C.Chinese people are proud of Wang Meng and her team.

　　D.China has got the team gold medal twice in Winter Olympics history.

　　答案解析

　　1.C 由第二段倒数第二句“With this one China won four gold medals...”可知正确答案为 C。

　　2.A 由第二段第一句“...Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in women's 1000 meters...”可知正确答案为 A。

　　3.C 由第一段最后两句“I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team... with the help of my team that I won the prize.”可知由于团队的帮助她才获得了成功，故正确答案为 C。

　　4.D 由第二段最后一句“That helped China first win the team gold medal...”可知 D 项的表述是错误的。

　　(三)天气与自然

　　随着社会经济的快速发展，社会和谐已提上日程，天气与自然环境很快就成为人们关注的话题之一。此类话题多是说明文和议论文。这就要求我们了解说明文和议论文的特点，这样才能对问题进一步地分析和解读，才能自觉地完成命题要求，取得高分。

　　解题思路：把握该类话题的特征，对所给信息进行归纳整合

　　例如：

　　Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆).They can happen any time of a day，at any point during the year.When an earthquake is happening，you should know what you should do or not do.

　　Do NOT go outside.You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings.If you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines(输电线).

　　Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture.Hold on to it.Or stay in a corner of the building.Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing.Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.

　　Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and hurt you.Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself.

　　Also keep away from a fire.You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.

　　If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if it's safe.Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and don't drive near bridges.Try not to stop by power lines or trees.These could fall and hurt you.

　　阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

　　( ) 1.It isn't safe for you to _______ while the earthquake is happening.

　　A.run out of the building

　　B.stay in a corner of the building

　　C.cover your head with your arms

　　D.cover your mouth with a towel

　　( ) 2.From this passage，we know _______.

　　A.many people fear earthquakes

　　B.earthquakes maybe happen at any time

　　C.we can't save ourselves in an earthquake

　　D.people never get injured in earthquakes

　　( ) 3.The best title for this passage should be "_______".

　　A.How Earthquakes Happen

　　B.How to Drive a Car

　　C.What We Should Do in Earthquakes

　　D.Why Earthquakes Happen

　　答案解析

　　1.A BCD 三项在第三段可找到答案;根据第二段内容可知 A 项的做法是不安全的，故正确答案为 A。

　　2.B 根据第一段前两句可知，地震可能随时会发生，故 B 项为正确答案。

　　3.C 通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生地震时，我们应该采取哪些措施才能使自己避免受伤，故正确答案为 C。

　　(四)历史与地理

　　本话题在中考中所占比例不多，在历史方面要注意历史事件发生的时间、地点、原因以及有何影响等，而对地理知识的考查，一般多与旅游观光等内容相结合，这就要求我们了解各地的名胜古迹、遗址等。

　　解题思路：熟悉文章，找准问题关键所在，提高解题速度和质量。

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