2021年中考英语备考练习题及答案(15)

　　第二节 短文理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给 的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共15小题，计30分)

　　A

　　When you have a different opinion with your friend, what should you do? One of the ways is to talk to your friend and tell him or her how you’re feeling. It’s always important to share your feelings with your friend.

　　Of course, sometimes friends do drift apart. As we grow older, our interests change and sometimes this means that a friendship may not be as close as it once was. This also means that you , too, may find a different group of friends to spend time with.

　　Then what should you do to keep friends? One helpful thing is to be sure you let others know you like them. Smile, talk to them, listen with interest and praise them for the things you like about them. People naturally like to make friends with the people who understand and enjoy them.

　　It’s also important to remember that you should always be yourself. Sometimes when you focus on “keeping friends”, you might begin to do things or act in some ways that aren’t normally part of your personality. Moreover, if your friend is unfriendly to you, that doesn’t mean you should become hurtful to other people. If keeping a friendship means you have to become someone who you aren’t, that friendship isn’t worth keeping.

　　46.When you have a different opinion with your friends, you should _____.

　　A. keep quiet and have a good rest

　　B. tell how you’re feeling to them

　　C. keep away from them for days

　　47.When the writer says “friends do drift apart” in the second paragraph, he wants to express _____.

　　A. people remain friends for a lifetime

　　B. the friendship is closer and closer

　　C. the friendship is not as close as before

　　48.Which of the following is good for keeping friends?

　　A. Praise and enjoy your friends.

　　B. Never understand the weakness of friends.

　　C. Say something that does harm to your friends.

　　49.The last paragraph tells us that ______.

　　A. it’s important to always agree with our friends

　　B. people shouldn’t lose themselves to keep friends

　　C. we are encouraged to be hurtful to unfriendly people

　　50.The passage is mainly about _____.

　　A. feelings B. education C. friendship

　　B

　　Recycling is a way to take trash and turn it into new products. There are a number of different recycling processes that allow materials to be used more than once.

　　All kinds of materials can be recycled. Some of the most common processes in use today involve(牵涉) recycling plastic, glass, metals , paper, electronics and so on. Items made of these materials include soda cans, plastic boxes, newspapers, old computers, and cardboard boxes.

　　There are many steps in recycling. It isn’t actually a simple process and is different for each type of material. For example, paper starts its recycling process by being mixed with water and other chemicals to break it down. This process finally turns the paper into a pulp(纸浆). Then remove the plastics and other useless materials from the pulp. After that, it gets cleaned. Now the pulp is ready to be made into new paper.

　　However, computers and batteries(电池) are usually recycled in order to remove harmful chemicals as well as to find again some valuable materials such as gold.

　　In general, we should follow different steps in the recycling process. These steps are:

　　•Collecting recyclable materials, like cans and plastic bottles.

　　•Processing(加工) the old materials and making new items.

　　•Buying items made from recycled materials.

　　51. What is recycling?

　　A. It makes your heart and body strong.

　　B. It is to reuse anything that can be used again.

　　C. It means keeping the land , air and water clean.

　　52. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us _____.

　　A. recycling is very easy

　　B. recycling process is different

　　C. what materials can be recycled

　　53.Which shows the recycling process of paper correctly?

　　a. cleaning it

　　b. removing useless materials

　　c. being mixed with water and other chemicals

　　d. turning the paper into a pulp

　　A. c-d-b-a B. b-a-d-c C. c-a -b-d

　　54. Batteries shouldn’t be thrown into the fields because ______.

　　A. the chemicals in them are harmful to the fields

　　B. some of the batteries are very expensive

　　C. the batteries are good for the plants in the fields

　　55. According to the passage, t he first step of recycling is ______.

　　A. throwing cans and plastic bottles away

　　B. collecting recyclable materials

　　C. buying items made from recycled materials

　　C

　　We often praise the world of science.

　　It explains the world and makes our lives easier with technology. One of the most exciting fields in science is artificial intelligence (人工智能，AI). This is an area where scientists are working on creating machines that think like humans.

　　However, one of the most famous scientists has a very dark warning for us about this type of technology.

　　“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race,” said Professor Stephen Hawking to the BBC.

　　Hawking is a well-known British physicist and author of bestselling science book A Brief History of Time. This warning came after commenting(评论)the technology he uses to speak with. As Hawking has got a serious disease called ALS, he needs an AI computer to communicate. The computer learns how Hawking thinks and suggests the words he may want to use next.

　　This is a basic type of AI, which is very useful, yet Hawking fears the possibility of creating technology that can match or surpass human intelligence. And it’s easy to imagine how terrible things may be. Many TV shows and films show big, killer machines that are far cleverer than us. “Humans, who are limited(限制) by slow biological evolution (进化), couldn’t compete,” said Hawking.

　　But not every scientist is pessimistic (悲观的) about AI technology. “I believe we will be in control of the technology for a long time,” said Rollo Carpenter, creator of Cleverbot in the UK, which is a software program that remembers past conversations. “The advantages of it to solve many of the world problems will be realized.” In what direction do you think AI is heading? Should we be hopeful or fearful?

　　56.Which of the following is TRUE about AI?

　　A. It makes our lives easier.

　　B. The technology is not very popular now.

　　C. Scientists haven’t controlled the technology.

　　57.The writer took Hawking as an example to ______.

　　A. explain how AI has helped us

　　B. show AI has already become part of our life

　　C. suggest that AI might become dangerous for humans

　　58.What does the underlined word “surpass” mean in the passage?

　　A. 象征 B.促进 C. 超越

　　59. We can know from the last paragraph that _________.

　　A. Rollo agrees with Hawking

　　B. Rollo is a British creator

　　C. Rollo invented Cleverbot in the US

　　60. Which of the following can be a suitable title for this article?

　　A. AI: a friend or an enemy

　　B. The future of human beings

　　C. The fight between humans and AI

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