中学英语200组积极词汇辨析小结

101. quite, rather

quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible

102. happy, glad

happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl

103. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中

He didn‘t see a film. Instead he watched TV.  He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

104. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，

be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I‘m to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)

106. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;

pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

109. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；

take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.

110. learn, study

learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究

study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.

112. discover, invent, find out

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，

find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.

113. answer, reply

answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter

114. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

115. rob, stealmda.com

rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.

116. shoot, shoot at

shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.

117. drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.

118. search, search for

search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.

119. used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

120. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

121. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing

122. beat, hit, strike

beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings

123. meet, meet with

meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident

124. lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing,

miss the chance

125. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

126. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意

He doesn‘t care about his clothes. I don‘t care for movies.

127. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.

128. change for, change into

change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.

129. continue, lastmda.com

二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.

130. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children)

raise the family

131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病

132. notice, observe, catch sight of

notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars

133. insist on, stick to

insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan

134. look, seem, appear

look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise,

look like his father

135. gather, collectmda.com

gather把分散的东西集中到一起， collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stamps

136. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着

By this I mean giving the students more practice.

137. die from, die of

die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，

寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

138. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

139. divide, separate

divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开

divide the apple, separate the houses

140. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词

arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

141. grow, plant

grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物

plant the trees, trees are growing

142. manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功

He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

143. choose, select

choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer

144. build, put up, set up, found

build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），

found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a school

145. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物

The book is familiar to me. I‘m familiar with the book.

146. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan

147. throw to, throw at　　throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me.

148. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn‘t accept it.

149. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作

It‘s cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

150. listen, hear　　listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.