定从要学好,删繁就简系首要,明确先行词,然后定关系词调;
指人主格用who,宾格whom好,事物用which,主/宾都可靠;
用that引定从,人/物均需要,非限制性定从句,切勿用that导;
关系词作宾语,常将其省略掉,若介词+关系词,关系词切勿抛,无论人/事物,who/that均不导,指人必whom,事物which邀;
as引定从,(部分)主句内容包,常含“正如”意,位置任意挑;
which如此用,用时思量好,有时含“消极”味,主句之后到;
such/ the same + as,固定搭配好,特殊用法务牢记,勿用乱了套;
whose作定语,人/物它全包,n. + of + whom/which,可与其对调。
二、只用that作关系代词的几种情况
先行(词)本身系数词,不定代词指事物,
人与事物共先行,There be中指物词作主语,
关系词定从中作表语,问句避免疑问词重复,
另有序数词/最高级,every/ the very/ the only,
以及不定代词若干个,名词前把事物来修饰,
以上情况请记清,只能使用that引导定从句。
[巩固练习]
请在横线上添上恰当的关系词。 We need comrades _____________ can help us. The man _____________ you saw yesterday was a doctor from Beijing. This is a story about a communist fighter _____________ name或the name of _____________ is Liu Hu-lan. This is our classroom, _____________ windows或the windows of _____________ face the south. Here is a book _____________ will give a lot of useful knowledge.
6. This is the song _____________ we like best.
7. I will never forget the day, on _____________ I first saw him.
8. This is the room _____________ Lao Liu once lived in.
9. Do you still remember the day on _____________ he joined the army?
10. The earth, _____________ we all know, moves around the sun.
11. _____________ is known to all, the earth is round.
12. The sun is bigger than the earth, _____________ is known to us all.
13. He did not study hard, _____________ led to his failure.
14. We used the same type of machine _____________ they did.
15. We have found such materials _____________ are used in their factory.
16. Here are five fish. The two _____________were caught yesterday are gold fish.
17. Everything _____________ I told you just now is true.
18. They talked of the things and persons _____________ they remembered in the school.
19. There are stars _____________ we still don‘t know in space.
20. Li Ying is not the girl _____________ she used to be ten years ago.
[试题答案] who/that 2. who/whom/that/× whose; whom 4. whose; which which/ that 6. which/ ×
7. which 8. that/which/ ×
9. which 10. as
11. As 12. as/ which
13. which 14. as
15. as 16. that
17. that/ × 18. that/×
19. that/× 20. that
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